An apparatus like the one Cavendish used to find G has large lead balls that are 7.3 kg in mass and small ones that are 0.065 kg. The center of a large ball is separated by 0.061 m from the center of a small ball. The Cavendish apparatus for measuring G. As the small spheres of mass m are attracted to the large spheres of mass M, the rod between the two small spheres rotates through a small angle. Find the magnitude of the gravitational force between the masses if the valueof the universal gravitational constant is 6.67259 × 10^−11 N m^2 /kg^2

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Proper Length

The theory of special relativity explains the connection between space and time to objects that move in a straight line at a constant speed. The objects move at the speed of light. When an object approaches light speed, its mass is endless and cannot move faster than light. The most crucial postulate of Einstein's special relativity is that the laws of nature do not change in each frame of reference.