An ancestral species of butterfly contains a gene for ultraviolet vision. A gene descended from the original UV gene is possessed by two modern species of butterfly, except that in one species, the gene is now responsible for infrared vision. The two modern genes O are the result of convergent evolution O cannot be located on the same chromosome have the same function are homologous

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Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.