An ambulance traveling eastbound at 136.0 km/h with sirens blaring at a frequency of 6.50 x 102 Hz passes cars traveling in both the eastbound and westbound directions at 45.0 km/h. (Assume the speed of sound is 343 m/s.) (a) What is the frequency observed by the eastbound drivers as the ambulance approaches from behind? Hz (b) What is the frequency observed by the eastbound drivers after the ambulance passes them? Hz (c) What is the frequency observed by the westbound drivers as the ambulance approaches them? Hz (d) What is the frequency observed by the westbound drivers after the ambulance passes them? Hz
Properties of sound
A sound wave is a mechanical wave (or mechanical vibration) that transit through media such as gas (air), liquid (water), and solid (wood).
Quality Of Sound
A sound or a sound wave is defined as the energy produced due to the vibrations of particles in a medium. When any medium produces a disturbance or vibrations, it causes a movement in the air particles which produces sound waves. Molecules in the air vibrate about a certain average position and create compressions and rarefactions. This is called pitch which is defined as the frequency of sound. The frequency is defined as the number of oscillations in pressure per second.
Categories of Sound Wave
People perceive sound in different ways, like a medico student takes sound as vibration produced by objects reaching the human eardrum. A physicist perceives sound as vibration produced by an object, which produces disturbances in nearby air molecules that travel further. Both of them describe it as vibration generated by an object, the difference is one talks about how it is received and other deals with how it travels and propagates across various mediums.
Question #11
Can you please answer the below questions? Please do not skip any steps include ALL of your work and double check for accuracy. Thank you.
![**Topic: The Doppler Effect and Sound Frequencies**
An ambulance traveling eastbound at 136.0 km/h with sirens blaring at a frequency of 650.0 Hz passes cars traveling in both the eastbound and westbound directions at 45.0 km/h. (Assume the speed of sound is 343 m/s.)
### Questions:
(a) **What is the frequency observed by the eastbound drivers as the ambulance approaches from behind?**
- [ ] Hz
(b) **What is the frequency observed by the eastbound drivers after the ambulance passes them?**
- [ ] Hz
(c) **What is the frequency observed by the westbound drivers as the ambulance approaches them?**
- [ ] Hz
(d) **What is the frequency observed by the westbound drivers after the ambulance passes them?**
- [ ] Hz
### Explanation:
These questions are related to the **Doppler Effect**, which describes the change in frequency of a wave in relation to an observer moving relative to the wave source. When the source and observer are moving towards each other, the observed frequency increases. Conversely, when they are moving apart, the observed frequency decreases.
To answer these questions, use the Doppler effect formula:
\[ f' = \frac{{f \cdot (v + v_o)}}{{v + v_s}} \]
where:
- \( f' \) is the observed frequency.
- \( f \) is the source frequency (650.0 Hz).
- \( v \) is the speed of sound in air (343 m/s).
- \( v_o \) is the speed of the observer (eastbound or westbound cars, 45.0 km/h converted to m/s).
- \( v_s \) is the speed of the source (ambulance, 136.0 km/h converted to m/s).
Consider the direction (toward or away) for sign changes in the velocities.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fafa4cb6f-0c50-4ba8-9a03-e3918106ad13%2F48dc6e50-791f-4576-8576-b43180d88c21%2Fnquyab_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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