An air-standard cycle with variable specific heats is executed in a closed system with 0.0015 kg of air and consists of the following three processes: 1-2 v= Constant heat addition from 95 kPa and 17°C to 380 kPa 2-3 Isentropic expansion to 95 kPa 3-1 P= Constant heat rejection to initial state Use data from tables. Determine the thermal efficiency. (Enter the percentage value but without the percentage sign.) The thermal efficiency is %.

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IC engines

The term "engine" indicates a mechanical device/machine used to convert input energy to a specific mechanical output. The input energy may be in the form of chemical energy, thermal energy, or so on and mechanical output is in the form of mechanical energy (work done). Generally, the engines classify into two groups which are internal combustion type and external combustion type, and further, these two types can be classified into two types that are reciprocating and rotary engines.