An air-conditioner maintains the room temperature at 27 °C while the outside temperature is 47 °C. The heat conducted through the walls of the room from outside to inside due to temperature difference is 7000 W. The minimum work done by the compressor of the air- conditioner per unit time is W.
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- A system gains 3310 J of heat at a constant pressure of 1.38 × 105 Pa, and its internal energy increases by 4150 J. What is the change in the volume of the system, and is it an increase or a decrease?Imagine a physics lecture hall with 83 students who are settling in for a 1-hour lecture. At the start of the lecture, the temperature of the air in the room is a comfortable 70oF (21.1°C). Unfortunately, the room’s air conditioner breaks right as the lecture begins. Each student has an average power output of about 60.0 W at room temperature. Imagine the energy released by each student goes into heating just the air in the room, which has a volume of 9.50 × 102 m3 and a density of 1.20 kg/m3. Assume the volume of the air remains constant and the specific heat capacity of the air is 718 J/(kg · °C). Calculate the room’s temperature at the end of the lecture in oF (the answer may sound high (!), but in reality, a significant portion of the heat produced would be absorbed by the walls, ceiling, floors, chairs, desks, and so on, which we are neglecting).A large room contains a volume of air of Va = 15 m3 at a temperature of Ta = 53° F. It also contains a bathtub holding a volume of water of Vw = 0.56 m3 at a temperature of Tw = 101° F. Calculate the final temperature of the system in kelvin, assuming a constant specific heat for the water of cw = 4180 J/kg⋅K and a constant specific heat capacity for the air of ca = 1010 J/kg⋅K. Calculate the change in the internal energy ΔU of the room-water system in joules.
- The motor that drives a refrigerator produces 151 W of useful power. The hot and cold temperatures of the heat reservoirs are 20.0°C and -5.00°C. What is the maximum possible amount of ice it can produce in 2.00 h from water that is initially at 8.00°C? Latent heat of fusion of ice is 333700 J/kg and specific heat capacity of water is 4186 J/(kg-K). kgIf I add 11664 J of energy to an ideal gas inside a balloon, causing the internal energy to increase by 7278 J, how much work is done on the environment by the gas as the balloon expands?A gas trapped in a piston chamber expands by 0.141 m3 at a constant pressure of 1.00 atm. If 4.28 kJ of heat are also added to the gas, by how much does the internal energy of the gas change?
- A model steam engine of 1.00 kg mass pulls eight cars of 1.00 kg mass each. The cars start at rest and reach a velocity of6.20 m/s in a time of 3.00 s while moving a distance of 4.50 m. During that time, the net heat input is 128 J. What is the change in the internal energy of the engine? In Joules1. Suppose a woman does 500 J of work and -9400 J of heat transfer occurs into the environment in the process. (a) What is the decrease in her internal energy, assuming no change in temperature or consumption of food? (That is, there is no other energy transfer.) ΔΕint ✓ J (b) The internal energy is stored energy due to food intake. Treating the change in internal energy as the input energy and work done as output, what is her efficiency? Efficiency, Eff: % (c) What physics law did you use in this problem? Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics First Law of Thermodynamics Second Law of ThermodynamicsA system undergoes a two-step process. In the first step, the internal energy of the system increases by 230 J when 166 J of work is done on the system. In the second step, the internal energy of the system increases by 115 J when 191 J of work is done on the system. For the overall process, find the heat added to the system (including sign).
- An ideal gas is at an initial pressure of 3000 kPa and a volume of 7.00 L. The gas isexpanded at constant pressure to a volume of 11.0 L. It is then cooled at constantvolume until the temperature returns to its original value. Calculate the work done,the change in internal energy, and the heat flow into or out of the gas.A gas in a cylinder expands from a volume of 0.110 m³ to 0.320 m³. Heat flows into the gas just rapidly enough to keep the pressure constant at 1.65 × 105 Pa during the expansion. The total heat added is 1.15× 105 J. (a) Find the work done by the gas.Three moles of an ideal monatomic gas are at a temperature of 383 K. Then 2892 J of heat is added to the gas, and 714 J of work is done on it. What is the final temperature of the gas?