An ac generator provides emf to a resistive load in a remote factory over a two-cable transmission line. At the factory a step-down transformer reduces the voltage from its (rms) transmission value V to a much lower value that is safe and convenient for use in the factory. The transmission line resistance is R per cable, and the power of the generator is P. The generator can supply either Vt = V1 or Vt = V2. (a) What is the ratio of the voltage decrease AV along the transmission line when operating at V1 to the voltage decrease at V2? (b) What is the ratio of the power loss Pg at V, to the power loss at V2? Express your answers in terms of P, R, V1, and V2.

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Synchronous Motor

The synchronous motor is an AC electric type motor where at a steady-state the shaft rotation is synchronized with the supply current variable-frequency. To an integral number of AC cycles, the rotation period is exactly equal. The stator of the motor in the synchronous motor contains multi-phase AC electromagnets due to which a magnetic field is created that rotates in time with the oscillation of the line current. The rotor contains a permanent magnet and the rotor rotates in synchronization with the stator field at the same rate and provides the second synchronized magnetic field which is rotating in nature as a result. When the synchronous motor is supplied with independently excited multi-phase AC electromagnets on both the rotor and the stator, it is termed as a doubly-fed machine. The most widely used AC-type motors are the synchronous AC motor and the induction AC motors.