### Amines Synthesis from NitrilesAmines can be synthesized by reducing nitriles, which are themselves derived from alkyl halides. In this example, we will explore how to prepare 3-methylbutylamine (also known as isoamylamine) via this method.#### Reaction Pathway:1. **Alkyl Bromide to Nitrile:** - Start with an alkyl bromide which reacts with a cyanide ion (NC⁻) to form a nitrile.2. **Nitrile to Amine:** - The nitrile is then reduced using lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH₄) followed by hydrolysis with water (H₂O) to yield the amine, 3-methylbutylamine.The chemical structure of 3-methylbutylamine is shown with its chain and amino group (-NH₂).#### Diagram Explanation:- **Alkyl Bromide → Nitrile:** - The substitution of the bromide ion with a cyanide ion results in the formation of a nitrile.- **Nitrile Reduction:** - The nitrile undergoes reduction with LiAlH₄ and subsequent hydrolysis with water, transforming into an amine.#### Drawing Instructions:- Use the provided drawing tools to sketch the structures. - **Draw the Alkyl Bromide:** - Utilize the drawing panel to sketch the alkyl bromide structure with options like "C" for carbon, "H" for hydrogen, and "Br" for bromine. - **Draw the Nitrile:** - Construct the nitrile structure using the same panel, replacing bromine with the nitrile group.This mechanism outlines a critical pathway in organic synthesis, illustrating a method for producing amines from simpler organic compounds.

In the given question we have to identify the structure of alkyl bromide and alkyl cyanide with the help of given amine structure.LiAlH4 is a reducing agent reduces cyanides into corresponding amines, which means cyanide and amine has the same number of carbons and similar carbon chains.When alkyl bromide made to react with cyanide then nucleophilic substitution reaction takes place where bromide is substituted by CN- ion.Structures of alkyl bromide and cyanide is shown below:

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Amines can be made by the reduction of nitriles, which in turn can be made from an alkyl halide. Draw the structures of a starting alkyl bromide and the intermediate nitrile that would be used in the synthesis of 3-methylbutylamine (also known as isoamylamine). Do not show free ions. alkyl bromide NC- nitrile Draw the alkyl bromide. Select Draw Templates More C H Br 1. LIAIH4 2. H₂O Erase isoamylamine NH₂ Draw the nitrile. Select Draw Templates More C H N Erase

Amines can be made by the reduction of nitriles, which in turn can be made from an alkyl halide. Draw the structures of a starting alkyl bromide and the intermediate nitrile that would be used in the synthesis of 3-methylbutylamine (also known as isoamylamine). Do not show free ions. alkyl bromide NC- nitrile Draw the alkyl bromide. Select Draw Templates More C H Br 1. LIAIH4 2. H₂O Erase isoamylamine NH₂ Draw the nitrile. Select Draw Templates More C H N Erase

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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