Although the transmission of light, and electromagnetic radiation generally, is correctly described by wave (physical) optics, there are situations for which ray (geometric) optics gives a sufficiently good approximation. For each of the situations described in the following, determine whether ray optics may be used or wave optics must be used. Part (a)  Green laser light of wavelength 565 nm is incident on a 35-cm diameter mirror.  Part (b)  Red laser light of wavelength 629 nm is incident on a molecule of size 105 nm.

Q: Unpolarized light is incident on a plane surface of glass of refractive index µ at angle i. If the…

A: According to Brewster's law when an unpolarized light falls on an interface at an specific angle…

Q: In the figure, the orientation of the transmission axis for each of three polarizing sheets is…

A: intensity of incident unpolarised light  = IoIf = 0.25 Ioθ1 = 15 degree θ2 = 50o

Q: For an air (n=1) and glass (n=1.45) interface, determine the % of the light reflected (reflectance)…

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Q: A beam of light (angle 0,=17°) inside a transparent material (n=1.3) hits the surface. Notice the…

A: The incident angle is given as, θi=17o. The refractive index of medium-1 (transparent material) is…

Q: A beam of clockwise elliptically polarized light is incident from air on a surface of glass of…

A: Refractive index n=1.4 Angle =60∘ angle βi between Ei and the plane of incidence is 61°

Q: Three polarizing plates whose planes are parallel are centered on a common axis. The directions of…

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Q: For the angle 6.02 degrees, find the speed at which light actually makes its way along the fiber-…

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Q: Ex. 8 : For a glass plate as a polarizer with refractive index 1.633, calculate the angle of…

A: We have been given that- Glass plate as a polarizer μg=1.633To find-ip=?

Q: Often in optics scientists take advantage of effects that require very high intensity light. To get…

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Q: When a light beam reaches the boundary of two different media, usually a part of it is reflected and…

A: According to Brewster's Law,  the reflected and refracted rays are perpendicular to each other when…

Q: Plane-polarized light is incident on a single polarizing disk with the direction of nE0 parallel to…

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Q: In Figure (a) below, unpolarized light is sent into a system of three polarizing sheets.The angles…

A: Given Data: Three polarizing sheets with different angles are given out of which the angle of…

Q: A dielectric medium is non-magnetic and has a relative permittivity ε=2.5. The refractive index is…

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Q: A good model of the index of refraction n of visible light in a certain material is n = no(1+af²/f),…

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Q: Light of intensity 10 passes through 4 ideal polarizing sheets. Unpolarized light enters the 1st…

A: Using Malus Law , Intensity of unpolarized light passing through a polarimeter Iout =I02 So Output…

Q: A coating is being applied to reduce the reflectivity of a pane of glass to light with a frequency…

A: As given, The frequency, f=4.54×1014 Hz Index of refraction of the material, μm=1.35 Index of…

Q: UV rays with a wavelength (in a vacuum) of 377.0 nm are passed into a medium with a refractive index…

A: Wavelength , λ = 377 nm = 377 x 10-9 m Refractive index , n = 1.65  To find = frequency of rays in…

Q: Problem 2. A beam of laser light has a diameter D in air and shines on glass (ng = 1.5) under the…

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Q: A laser emits light at a wavelength of 1 = 535.0 nm . The total average power emitted is P =1.50 W…

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Q: A clear sheet of polarizing material is placed on top of a second, similar sheet so that their…

A: Law of malus Let Io be the intensity of incident unpolarized light. When it is incident on a…

Q: Astronomers observe the chromosphere of the Sun with a filter that passes the red hydrogen spectral…

A: a) The formula to calculate transmission is, b) From the equation (1) for transmission, the…

Q: Two beams of light start together and then hit a slab of two different kinds of material. This will…

A: In the given question we have to find the difference in time required to travel the two slabs.

Q: Which of the following statements are (or could be) true? Choose all that apply. A shoe at a…

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Q: A clear sheet of polarizing material is placed on top of a second, similar sheet so that their…

A: Given Data: Angle ϕ = 4.68×101o. To Determine: The ratio of the intensity of the emerging light to…

Q: The pupil of an eagle's eye has a diameter of 6.0 mm. Two field mice are separated by 0.010 m. From…

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Q: An EM-wave is propagating in a medium (medium 1) with index of refraction, n1=2, and is incident at…

A: Since, the incident electromagnetic wave is linearly polarized incident on the surface, the…

Q: A ray of light is incident on an air/water interface. The ray makes an angle of θ1 = 34 degrees with…

A: Given data The angle of incident is θ1=34o The refractive index of the air is n1=1 The refractive…

Q: Three polarizing plates whose planes are parallel are centered on a common axis. The directions of…

A: Writing the expression for Malus law and susbtitute the corresponding values to calculate the…

Q: Plane-polarized light is incident on a single polarizing disk, with the direction of E, parallel to…

A: According to Malus' law, if the transmission axes are at an angle θ, then ET=E0cosθ. It is known…

Q: Three polarizing plates whose planes are parallel are centered on a common axis. The directions of…

A: Given: The initial intensity of light, Ii=15 units The angle between the initial and first…

Q: The plane z = 0 separates two media: glass(nglass = 1.51 for z 0). The optical beam of a…

A: This is a basic question from the wave vectors. This is related to the refraction and reflection of…

Q: Chapter 25: Problem 9: A beam of light moves through a slab of glass as shown in the figure. The…

A: a) sin(θ1) = (na/ng) * sin(θi)  b) θ1 = θ2 (due to parallel sides)  c) sin(θf) = (ng/na) * sin(θ2)…

Q: Light from a 100 mW laser with TE polarisation is incident at θI=60 degrees from air onto glass with…

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Q: A coating is being applied to reduce the reflectivity of a pane of glass to light with a frequency…

A: Given Datac=3×108 m/sμ=1.537ν=4.14×1014Hz

Q: Photons with a wavelength of 519 nm in air enter a plate of flint glass with index of refraction n =…

A: The wavelength of photon in air is 519 nm...….(given) Now, in order to find the wavelength of the…

Q: I am having trouble understanding this question, but I have a few guesses as to what the answer…

A: Given:- An ideal polarizing sheet transmits 90% of the incident partially polarized light. The…

Q: Unpolarized light is sent into a system of three polarizing sheets. The angles θ1, θ2, and θ3 of the…

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Q: A beam splitter is an optical device that splits a beam of light - half of the incident light is…

A: The Laser light incident on the beam splitter at an angle 45o and is represented in fig below: b.…

Q: Consider two EM waves of the same frequency. One (f1) has three times the amplitude of the other…

A: The total energy(E)  associative with a wavelength is given by…

Q: An incident beam consisting of white light (falsely colored as an orange ray) passes through a…

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Q: Photons with a wavelength of 549 nm in air enter a plate of flint glass with index of refraction n =…

A: Given Wavelength of the photons in air is given as λ=549 nm=549×10-9 m Index of refraction of flint…

Q: fiberoptics cable is a cable made out of glass that transports information as electromagnetic waves…

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Interference of Light

The word "constructive" signifies addition in interference. Constructive interference occurs when the path of the waves that start from the slit differs by 1 entire wavelength or in the intervals of the same. Hence, the waves that are presented on the screen are in phase (crest to crest/trough to trough). The waves interfering constructively forms bright fringes on the screen.