Although the transmission of light, and electromagnetic radiation generally, is correctly described by wave (physical) optics, there are situations for which ray (geometric) optics gives a sufficiently good approximation. For each of the situations described in the following, determine whether ray optics may be used or wave optics must be used. Part (a)  Green laser light of wavelength 565 nm is incident on a 35-cm diameter mirror.  Part (b)  Red laser light of wavelength 629 nm is incident on a molecule of size 105 nm.

Q: In Figure (a), a beam of light in material 1 is incident on a boundary at an angle of 28°. The…

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Q: In the figure, the orientation of the transmission axis for each of three polarizing sheets is…

A: intensity of incident unpolarised light  = IoIf = 0.25 Ioθ1 = 15 degree θ2 = 50o

Q: OB

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Q: A beam of light (angle 0,=17°) inside a transparent material (n=1.3) hits the surface. Notice the…

A: The incident angle is given as, θi=17o. The refractive index of medium-1 (transparent material) is…

Q: The index of refraction of a glass rod is 1.48 at T = 20.0°C and varies linearly with temperature,…

A: Given information: ng = 1.48T=20°Cα = 5×10-6∆T= 5°C/minλ = 569×10-9 mL0 = 2.80 cm

Q: Three polarizing plates whose planes are parallel are centered on a common axis. The directions of…

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Q: You shine a beam of polarized light in air on a piece of dense flint glass 1n = 1.662. (a) If the…

A: When unpolarized light is incident on some surface at Brewster's angle the part of light polarized…

Q: A ray of light strikes a flat block of glass at an incidence angle of ?1 = 38.6°. The glass is…

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Q: Let v be the wave's speed, λ its wavelength, and f its frequency. These quantities are related via…

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Q: Often in optics scientists take advantage of effects that require very high intensity light. To get…

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Q: When a light beam reaches the boundary of two different media, usually a part of it is reflected and…

A: According to Brewster's Law,  the reflected and refracted rays are perpendicular to each other when…

Q: A beam of light traveling through a liquid (of index of refraction n1 = 1.51) is incident on a…

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Q: In Figure (a) below, unpolarized light is sent into a system of three polarizing sheets.The angles…

A: Given Data: Three polarizing sheets with different angles are given out of which the angle of…

Q: A ray of white light traveling through air enters a triangular prism that has an index of refraction…

A: It is given that, μr=1.315μv=1.345A=72oθi=63o

Q: A good model of the index of refraction n of visible light in a certain material is n = no(1+af²/f),…

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Q: Light traveling in diamond is incident on a 3 cm thick piece of sapphire. It enters the sapphire at…

A: thickness of sapphire (d) = 3 cm Angle of ray with the normal in sapphire (r) = 50oRefractive index…

Q: Problem 2:  A beam of light traveling through a liquid (of index of refraction n1 = 1.31) is…

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Q: The angle of incidence of a light beam in air onto a reflecting surface is continuously variable.…

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Q: A thick piece of Lucite (n = 1.50) has the shape of a quarter circle of radius R = 12.8 cm as shown…

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Q: A clear sheet of polarizing material is placed on top of a second, similar sheet so that their…

A: Law of malus Let Io be the intensity of incident unpolarized light. When it is incident on a…

Q: Astronomers observe the chromosphere of the Sun with a filter that passes the red hydrogen spectral…

A: a) The formula to calculate transmission is, b) From the equation (1) for transmission, the…

Q: Two beams of light start together and then hit a slab of two different kinds of material. This will…

A: In the given question we have to find the difference in time required to travel the two slabs.

Q: The pupil of an eagle's eye has a diameter of 6.0 mm. Two field mice are separated by 0.010 m. From…

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Q: Snell’s Law relates the angle of incidence with the angle of refraction as n1 sin θ1 = n2 sin θ2. If…

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Q: A ray of monochromatic light is traveling through air and is incident upon a block of transparent…

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Q: A ray of light is incident on an air/water interface. The ray makes an angle of θ1 = 34 degrees with…

A: Given data The angle of incident is θ1=34o The refractive index of the air is n1=1 The refractive…

Q: A ray of monochromatic light is traveling through air and is incident upon a block of transparent…

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Q: A light wave has a frequency of 5.06 × 1014 cycles per second. (a) What is the wavelength? |x 10-7 m…

A: As per guidelines, only 3 subparts are solved here. A light wave has a frequency of 5.06×1014 cycles…

Q: Three polarizing plates whose planes are parallel are centered on a common axis. The directions of…

A: Writing the expression for Malus law and susbtitute the corresponding values to calculate the…

Q: A ray of monochromatic light is traveling through air and is incident upon a block of transparent…

A: We know Snell's law of refraction, n1sinθ1=n2sinθ2Where, n1=incident index (refractive index of…

Q: The figure below shows light reflecting off two mirrors (M1 and M2) that are at right angles to each…

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Q: Three polarizing plates whose planes are parallel are centered on a common axis. The directions of…

A: Given: The initial intensity of light, Ii=15 units The angle between the initial and first…

Q: A radio station has two antennas. The antennas are a distance d apart, where d equals half the…

A: Given: The antennas are a distance d apart, where d equals half the broadcast wavelength

Q: The plane z = 0 separates two media: glass(nglass = 1.51 for z 0). The optical beam of a…

A: This is a basic question from the wave vectors. This is related to the refraction and reflection of…

Q: Chapter 25: Problem 9: A beam of light moves through a slab of glass as shown in the figure. The…

A: a) sin(θ1) = (na/ng) * sin(θi)  b) θ1 = θ2 (due to parallel sides)  c) sin(θf) = (ng/na) * sin(θ2)…

Q: Photons with a wavelength of 519 nm in air enter a plate of flint glass with index of refraction n =…

A: The wavelength of photon in air is 519 nm...….(given) Now, in order to find the wavelength of the…

Q: Unpolarized light is sent into a system of three polarizing sheets. The angles θ1, θ2, and θ3 of the…

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Q: In the figure, light from ray A refracts from material 1 into a thin layer of material 2, crosses…

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Q: A beam splitter is an optical device that splits a beam of light - half of the incident light is…

A: The Laser light incident on the beam splitter at an angle 45o and is represented in fig below: b.…

Q: An incident beam consisting of white light (falsely colored as an orange ray) passes through a…

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Q: A pulse of light takes 3.00 ns to travel through air from an emitter to a detector. When a piece of…

A: Given: t1=3.0ns = 3.0*10-9 slength of transparent material L = 35.0 cm =0.35 mt2 = 3.30 ns =…

Q: Two flat mirrors are connected to each other such that they make an angle of ψ. A laser enters the…

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Interference of Light

The word "constructive" signifies addition in interference. Constructive interference occurs when the path of the waves that start from the slit differs by 1 entire wavelength or in the intervals of the same. Hence, the waves that are presented on the screen are in phase (crest to crest/trough to trough). The waves interfering constructively forms bright fringes on the screen.