Although many mammals have binocular vision, the anatomical adaptation(s) that set primates apart from these mammals is (are)a. prehensile tails.b. opposable digits on hands.c. mammary glands.d. hair-covered skin.

Describe three adaptations that allow for flight in birds.

EVOLUTION LINK What is the common ground between evolutionary biologists and developmental biologists who have adopted the perspective known as Evo Devo?

The wing of a bird and the arm of a human are examples of ______. a. vestigial structures b. molecular structures c. homologous structures d. analogous structures

The closest modern relatives of birds are ________. a. crocodilians b. mammals c. turtles d. lizards

What are the key evolutionary adaptations that diving mammals use to survive at significant ocean depths?

Which of the following are mismatched? (a) endoderm; lining of the digestive tube (b) ectoderm; circulatory system (c) mesoderm; notochord (d) mesoderm; reproductive system (e) ectoderm; sense organs

Which of the following characteristics does not contribute to powered flight in birds? a. a lightweight skeleton b. efficient respiratory and circulatory systems c. enlarged forelimbs and a keeled sternum d. a high metabolic rate that releases energy from food rapidly e. scaly skin on the legs and feet

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Consider how the adaptive value of sea turtle migration has changed if, as a result of human activities, migration now puts sea turtles at greater risk than if they restricted their habitat to a single location. Discuss the possible evolutionary mechanisms by which the behavior of these species may (or may not) adapt to these environmental pressures. What conservation efforts should we take to increase the probability of successful migration?

Figure 12.3 In what levels are cats and dogs considered to be part of the same group?