Although cellulose and starch are identical in terms of stored chemical energy, our ability to harvest the energy from these two polysaccharides differs considerably. What is responsible for this difference? Match the terms in the column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences. Not all terms will be used. The ___________ linkages in __________ form ___________ that are easily hydrolyzed by enzymes found in most organisms. alpha-1,4-glycosidic large fibers and sheets independent helical structures cellulose starch beta-1,4-glycosidic
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.
- alpha-1,4-glycosidic
- large fibers and sheets
- independent helical structures
- cellulose
- starch
- beta-1,4-glycosidic
Starch is basically the polymeric form made up from carbohydrates with the help of a special bond which is termed as α-glycosidic linkage while cellulose is also a polymeric form made up from numerous D-glucose monomers linked with the help of β-glycosidic linkage.
However, dissolution of cellulose cannot be done in water
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