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All of the following represent the necessary event(s) in an infectious process for the bacterial pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes (Strep throat), an extracellular true pathogen, that causes infection in the upper respiratory tract, a non-sterile site EXCEPT

All of the following represent the necessary event(s) in an infectious process for the bacterial pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes (Strep throat), an extracellular true pathogen, that causes infection in the upper respiratory tract, a non-sterile site EXCEPT

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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### Understanding the Infectious Process of Streptococcus pyogenes **Overview:** Streptococcus pyogenes, commonly known as the pathogen responsible for strep throat, is an extracellular bacterium that infects the upper respiratory tract, a non-sterile environment. The following outlines the necessary event(s) in the infectious process of this bacterium, except one. **Options:** 1. **All of the answers apply, no exception.** 2. **Production of hyaluronidase and protease exoenzymes that destroy respiratory tissues.** - *Explanation:* Hyaluronidase and protease exoenzymes break down host tissues, facilitating the spread of the pathogen. 3. **Passage through the epithelial plasma membrane and outgrowth in the cytoplasm of the cell.** - *Explanation:* This is typically not a characteristic of extracellular pathogens like Streptococcus pyogenes, which remain outside host cells. 4. **Adherence to host tissues by attachment pili to maintain the pathogen in the upper respiratory tract.** - *Explanation:* Attachment pili are structures that allow the bacterium to adhere firmly to host tissues, ensuring its persistence in the respiratory tract. **Key Concept:** Extracellular bacterial pathogens such as Streptococcus pyogenes do not invade the cytoplasm of host cells; instead, they adhere to and destroy host tissues using specific enzymes and attachment structures.
Transcribed Image Text:### Understanding the Infectious Process of Streptococcus pyogenes **Overview:** Streptococcus pyogenes, commonly known as the pathogen responsible for strep throat, is an extracellular bacterium that infects the upper respiratory tract, a non-sterile environment. The following outlines the necessary event(s) in the infectious process of this bacterium, except one. **Options:** 1. **All of the answers apply, no exception.** 2. **Production of hyaluronidase and protease exoenzymes that destroy respiratory tissues.** - *Explanation:* Hyaluronidase and protease exoenzymes break down host tissues, facilitating the spread of the pathogen. 3. **Passage through the epithelial plasma membrane and outgrowth in the cytoplasm of the cell.** - *Explanation:* This is typically not a characteristic of extracellular pathogens like Streptococcus pyogenes, which remain outside host cells. 4. **Adherence to host tissues by attachment pili to maintain the pathogen in the upper respiratory tract.** - *Explanation:* Attachment pili are structures that allow the bacterium to adhere firmly to host tissues, ensuring its persistence in the respiratory tract. **Key Concept:** Extracellular bacterial pathogens such as Streptococcus pyogenes do not invade the cytoplasm of host cells; instead, they adhere to and destroy host tissues using specific enzymes and attachment structures.
### Factors Affecting Pathogen Entry and Immune System Evasion - **Production of virulence factors to disrupt immune system clearance** This strategy involves pathogens producing specific biological substances known as virulence factors, which help them evade and disrupt the host's immune system response, allowing them to survive and multiply. - **Inhalation of infectious particles at the portal of entry (upper respiratory tract)** This refers to the process where pathogens enter the body through inhalation. These infectious particles typically begin their infection process in the upper respiratory tract, which serves as a common entry point for various airborne pathogens. **Note:** Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing strategies to prevent and treat infectious diseases.
Transcribed Image Text:### Factors Affecting Pathogen Entry and Immune System Evasion - **Production of virulence factors to disrupt immune system clearance** This strategy involves pathogens producing specific biological substances known as virulence factors, which help them evade and disrupt the host's immune system response, allowing them to survive and multiply. - **Inhalation of infectious particles at the portal of entry (upper respiratory tract)** This refers to the process where pathogens enter the body through inhalation. These infectious particles typically begin their infection process in the upper respiratory tract, which serves as a common entry point for various airborne pathogens. **Note:** Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing strategies to prevent and treat infectious diseases.
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