alkalinity Assume 25°C, 1 atm, ideal conditions (I=0, y→1) in all problems. If you employ simplifyingassumptions when you solve the problems, please provide the rationale for your assumption.1) The dissolved carbonate system refers to the combination of dissolved carbonic acid (H2CO3")and its conjugate base species bicarbonate (HCO;) and carbonate (CO3²). In aquatic systems,the equilibrium distribution of these three species can be described by the following aciddissociation reactions.H2CO3* HCO3¯+ H*HCO3 + CO3²- + H*Kal = 10-6.35Ka2 = 10-10.33where the total inorganic carbon concentration Cr= [H2CO3*]+ [HCO3]+[CO;²].a) Describe two different reasons why the dissolved carbonate system is important foraquatic systems relevant to environmental scientists and engineersb) Identify the pH range where each species (i.e., H2CO3", HCO3', CO3²') is dominant formof CT.c) Calculate the equilibrium pH of a solution that was prepared by dissolving carbonic acidH2CO3* into water to a concentration of CT= 103 M.(You have the option of employing a simplifying assumption to solve the problem. If youdo so, please justify and check your assumption.)2) Calculate the alkalinity (in units of eq/L) of groundwater containing CT = 104 M; pH 6.4(closed system)3) The finished water at a drinking water treatment plant contains an alkalinity of 1.5 meq/L anda pH of 7.2 (due to dissolved carbonate species). What is the total dissolved carbonateconcentration (i.e., Cr)? Assume that no water-gas exchange occurs.

The objective of this question is to show the dissolved carbonate system is important for aquatic…

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alkalinity

Chemistry

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ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Question

alkalinity

Assume 25°C, 1 atm, ideal conditions (I=0, y→1) in all problems. If you employ simplifying
assumptions when you solve the problems, please provide the rationale for your assumption.
1) The dissolved carbonate system refers to the combination of dissolved carbonic acid (H2CO3")
and its conjugate base species bicarbonate (HCO;) and carbonate (CO3²). In aquatic systems,
the equilibrium distribution of these three species can be described by the following acid
dissociation reactions.
H2CO3* HCO3¯+ H*
HCO3 + CO3²- + H*
Kal = 10-6.35
Ka2 = 10-10.33
where the total inorganic carbon concentration Cr= [H2CO3*]+ [HCO3]+[CO;²].
a) Describe two different reasons why the dissolved carbonate system is important for
aquatic systems relevant to environmental scientists and engineers
b) Identify the pH range where each species (i.e., H2CO3", HCO3', CO3²') is dominant form
of CT.
c) Calculate the equilibrium pH of a solution that was prepared by dissolving carbonic acid
H2CO3* into water to a concentration of CT= 103 M.
(You have the option of employing a simplifying assumption to solve the problem. If you
do so, please justify and check your assumption.)
2) Calculate the alkalinity (in units of eq/L) of groundwater containing CT = 104 M; pH 6.4
(closed system)
3) The finished water at a drinking water treatment plant contains an alkalinity of 1.5 meq/L and
a pH of 7.2 (due to dissolved carbonate species). What is the total dissolved carbonate
concentration (i.e., Cr)? Assume that no water-gas exchange occurs.

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