Aldehydes and ketones react with one molecule of an alcohol to form compounds called hemiacetals, in which there is one hydroxyl group and one ether-like group. Reaction of a hemiacetal with a second molecule of alcohol gives an acetal and a molecule of water. ROH OH ROH OR + H,O OR COR The carbonyl group of an aldehyde or a ketone an -OR group to A hemiacetal (has an -OH and An acetal (has two-OR groups to the same carbon) the same carbon) H+ O + HOCH,CH,OH Cyclohexanone Ethylene glycol
Aldehydes and ketones react with one molecule of an alcohol to form compounds called hemiacetals, in which there is one hydroxyl group and one ether-like group. Reaction of a hemiacetal with a second molecule of alcohol gives an acetal and a molecule of water. ROH OH ROH OR + H,O OR COR The carbonyl group of an aldehyde or a ketone an -OR group to A hemiacetal (has an -OH and An acetal (has two-OR groups to the same carbon) the same carbon) H+ O + HOCH,CH,OH Cyclohexanone Ethylene glycol
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Draw structural formulas for the hemiacetal and acetal formed from the reagents.
The stoichiometry of reaction is given in the problem.
Transcribed Image Text:Aldehydes and ketones react with one molecule of an alcohol to form compounds called
hemiacetals, in which there is one hydroxyl group and one ether-like group. Reaction of
a hemiacetal with a second molecule of alcohol gives an acetal and a molecule of water.
ROH
OH
ROH
OR
+ H,O
OR
COR
The carbonyl
group of an
aldehyde or a ketone an -OR group to
A hemiacetal
(has an -OH and
An acetal
(has two-OR
groups to the
same carbon)
the same carbon)
Transcribed Image Text:H+
O + HOCH,CH,OH
Cyclohexanone
Ethylene glycol
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