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ACTIVITY 4.2A Using a Travel-Time Graph 1. Examine Figure 4.4. Does the difference in the arrival times of the first P wave and the first S wave on a seismogram increase or decrease the farther a station is from the epicenter? The difference in arrival times the farther a station is from the epicenter.

ACTIVITY 4.2A Using a Travel-Time Graph 1. Examine Figure 4.4. Does the difference in the arrival times of the first P wave and the first S wave on a seismogram increase or decrease the farther a station is from the epicenter? The difference in arrival times the farther a station is from the epicenter.

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
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66 Applications and Investigations in Earth Science ACTIVITY 4.2A Using a Travel-Time Graph Time in minutes from epicenter 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 2 500 1. Examine Figure 4.4. Does the difference in the arrival times of the first P wave and the first S wave on a seismogram increase or decrease the farther a station is from the epicenter? The difference in arrival times the farther a station is from the epicenter. 1000 Montréal 1000 São Paulo 5500 km A Figure 4.3 An earthquake epicenter can be located using the distances obtained from three seismic stations in a process called triangulation. 2000 TRAVEL-TIME GRAPH Distance in kilometers 6700 km S-wave curve 3000 Paris Epicenter 1500 Distance in miles from epicenter P-wave curve 2000 4000 2500 3000 A Figure 4.4 Travel-time graph used to determine the distance between an earthquake epicenter and a seismic station. G2019 Pearson Education,
Transcribed Image Text:66 Applications and Investigations in Earth Science ACTIVITY 4.2A Using a Travel-Time Graph Time in minutes from epicenter 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 2 500 1. Examine Figure 4.4. Does the difference in the arrival times of the first P wave and the first S wave on a seismogram increase or decrease the farther a station is from the epicenter? The difference in arrival times the farther a station is from the epicenter. 1000 Montréal 1000 São Paulo 5500 km A Figure 4.3 An earthquake epicenter can be located using the distances obtained from three seismic stations in a process called triangulation. 2000 TRAVEL-TIME GRAPH Distance in kilometers 6700 km S-wave curve 3000 Paris Epicenter 1500 Distance in miles from epicenter P-wave curve 2000 4000 2500 3000 A Figure 4.4 Travel-time graph used to determine the distance between an earthquake epicenter and a seismic station. G2019 Pearson Education,
2. Use Figure 4.4 to determine the difference in arrival times, in minutes, between the first P wave and first S wave for stations that are the following distances from an epicenter: 1000 mi: 4000 km: 5.5 3000 mi: On the seismogram in Figure 4.2, you determined the difference in the arrival times between the first P waves and the first S waves to be 5 minutes. Use Figure 4.2 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to complete the following. 3. What is the distance between the epicenter and the station for the earthquake recorded on the seismogram in Figure 4.2, in miles and kilometers? 2100 3500 mi km min min min Exercise Four / Earthquakes and Earth's Interior 67 4. For the earthquake recorded in Figure 4.2, about how long did it take the first P wave to reach the station: 3, 6, or 14 minutes? (Hint: use the P-wave curve in the time-travel graph in Figure 4.4 to answer this question). The first P wave arrived minutes after the earthquake began. CTIVITY 4.2B ocating an Earthquake 5. If the first P wave was recorded at 10:39 Y.Y. local time at the station in Figure 4.2, what was the local time at the epicenter when the earthquake began. (Hint: The earthquake began at the epicenter.) Y.Y. local time gure 4.5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations-New York; Nome, Alaska; nd Mexico City. Use this information to complete the following. Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and the epicenter. Write your answers in Table 4.1. THREE SEISMOGRAMS Seismogram A- New York, NY
Transcribed Image Text:2. Use Figure 4.4 to determine the difference in arrival times, in minutes, between the first P wave and first S wave for stations that are the following distances from an epicenter: 1000 mi: 4000 km: 5.5 3000 mi: On the seismogram in Figure 4.2, you determined the difference in the arrival times between the first P waves and the first S waves to be 5 minutes. Use Figure 4.2 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to complete the following. 3. What is the distance between the epicenter and the station for the earthquake recorded on the seismogram in Figure 4.2, in miles and kilometers? 2100 3500 mi km min min min Exercise Four / Earthquakes and Earth's Interior 67 4. For the earthquake recorded in Figure 4.2, about how long did it take the first P wave to reach the station: 3, 6, or 14 minutes? (Hint: use the P-wave curve in the time-travel graph in Figure 4.4 to answer this question). The first P wave arrived minutes after the earthquake began. CTIVITY 4.2B ocating an Earthquake 5. If the first P wave was recorded at 10:39 Y.Y. local time at the station in Figure 4.2, what was the local time at the epicenter when the earthquake began. (Hint: The earthquake began at the epicenter.) Y.Y. local time gure 4.5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations-New York; Nome, Alaska; nd Mexico City. Use this information to complete the following. Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and the epicenter. Write your answers in Table 4.1. THREE SEISMOGRAMS Seismogram A- New York, NY
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