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E3
According to the Solow model, what can be said about convergence of production per capita between different
countries? With the help of a diagram, explain if the production per capita of a country could still grow once
its steady state has been reached.
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- 5. Suppose that the Country of Eldesarrollo has a gross savings rate of 25%, a depreciation rate of 3%, an incremental capital-output ratio of 2.75, a population growth rate of 1.5% per year, and a per capita income of $1500. a. Using the Harrod-Domar (or AK) growth model, calculate the implied rate of growth of total GNI in Eldesarrollo. b. What is the implied rate of growth of GNI per capita? c. How much would the rate of gross savings have to increase to raise the growth rate of total GNI to 9%? d. Suppose that one-quarter of all investment is completely wasted in Eldesarrollo. Returning to the original numbers, what is the resulting effective ICOR, and what is the corresponding new implied growth rate of total GNI?What other factors, aside from labor productivity, capitalinvestment,andtechnology,impacttheeconomic growth of a country? How?In the Solow growth model, suppose that the per-worker production function is given by y = zk 0.4 with s = 0.15, d = 0.1, and n = 0.02. a. Suppose in country A that z= 1. Calculate the steady-state capital per worker and income per capita in country A. The steady-state capital per worker is (Round to two decimal places as needed.) The steady-state income per capita is. (Round to two decimal places as needed.) b. Suppose in country B that z = 2. Calculate the steady-state capital per worker and income per capita in country B. The steady-state capital per worker is|. (Round to two decimal places as needed.) The steady-state income per capita is (Round to two decimal places as needed.) c. As measured by GDP per capita, how much richer is country B than country A? What does this tell us about the potential differences in total factor productivity to explain differences in standards of living across countries? Country B is times richer than country A, as measured by GDP per capita. This…
- > Consider the data in the table below: Per capita GDP, 2017 Saving rate (%) TFP (Ā) United States 1.000 23.5 1.000 Switzerland 1.151 28.8 1.052 Answer the following questions using the Solow growth model. 9. Assuming no differences in TFP (ignore the last column) and no differences in the rate of depreciation between the U.S. and Switzerland, use the data in the table to predict the ratio of per capita GDP of Switzerland relative to that of the U.S. in the steady states. How much percent richer is Switzerland than the U.S. in steady state? 10. Now do the same exercise assuming TFP is given by the levels in the last column. Now how much percent richer is Switzerland than the U.S. in steady state? Consider the data in the table below: Per сapita GDP, 2017I have to change the savings rate, but trying to figure out how to start. Let’s work out 5 periods of a Solow model with labor augmenting productivity (Z) growth. In your toy economy, the savings rate is 10%, and the depreciation rate is 50% (the high depreciation rate will get us to steady-state faster--think of each period as a decade). The population is fixed (treat it as one worker, N=1 forever). You always start off with 1 unit of capital, and TFP = Z = 1 during the first period. Since TFP and population never change, output each period is created this way: Yt = Kt(1/3)Zt(2/3) Consider two worlds: One where labor augmenting productivity (Z) grows 20% per period, and one where labor augmenting productivity (Z) grows 10% per period Answer the following questions for each of the two worlds What is capital each year, in years 1-5? What is GDP each year, in years 1-5? What is the marginal product of capital each year (MPK) in years 1-5? What is the wage in each period? In a steady…The following table shows the GDP per capita of various countries forthe years 1960 and 2010 in PPP-adjusted 2005 dollars. The table alsocontains the implied growth rates, which show how much on average eachcountry needed to grow each year to reach the 2010 level of GDP per capitastarting from the 1960 level of GDP per capita. Use the table to answer thefollowing questions. 1. During 1960-2010, which countries were able to reduce the gap betweentheir GDP per capita and the U.S. GDP per capita?
- = 2. Consider a Solow growth model in which the production function is Yt AK²N₁¹/2, where A = 1. Moreover, assume that the depreciation rate is d = 0.02, the rate of population growth is n = 0.02, and the saving rate is s = = 0.2. a. Compute the value of the capital stock per worker in steady state. b. Draw a graph that represents the steady-state equilibrium of the model. c. Suppose that the capital-labor ration in year t is 90. What will the level of the capital- labor ratio be in year t+1? Will it increase or decrease in future periods? Explain. d. Compute the rate of change of the capital labor ratio between time t and t + 1. How does it compare to the rate of growth of the capital-labor ratio in steady state?The following table shows the GDP per capita of various countries forthe years 1960 and 2010 in PPP-adjusted 2005 dollars. The table alsocontains the implied growth rates, which show how much on average eachcountry needed to grow each year to reach the 2010 level of GDP per capitastarting from the 1960 level of GDP per capita. Use the table to answer thefollowing questions. 1. During 1960-2010, which countries failed to reduce the gap betweentheir GDP per capita and the U.S. GDP per capita?when a country adds ideas what is it doing to its productivity and GDP? Which variable in the Solow Model equation is it changing?
- Economic Two countries all else the same: country 1 has average schooling of 6 years while country 2 has average schooling of 9 years, according to Solow Growth Model with human capital, what is the steady- state output per worker ratio between country 1 to country 2Assume that a leader country has real GDP per capita of $40,000, whereas a follower country has real GDP per capita of $20,000. Next suppose that the growth of real GDP per capita falls to zero percent in the leader country and rises to 2 percent in the follower country. If these rates continue for long periods of time, how many years will it take for the follower country to catch up to the living standard of the leader country?Which of the following best defines 'institutions' as they relate to economic development? O The formal and informal rules governing the organization of society. O Buildings and other major structures. O Long-lasting organizations and companies. O The formal branches of government.
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