Absent "P" waves in a junctional arrhythmia indicate: O A. Retrograde atrial deplorization occurs at the same time as antegrade ventricular depolarization OB. Atrial depolarization has not occurred because a retrograde AV block O C. Either of the abce D. None of the above
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- You are learning to read electrocardiograms. You know that the patient you are examining has a pathology affecting the depolarization of his ventricles, therefore you're looking for a change in what portion of his EKG? The P wave O The T wave O The QRS complex "The P wave" or "The T wave" but not "The QRS complex". None of these would be altered34. An arrhythmia originating in an escape pacemaker in the AV junction with a rate of 40 to 60 beats per minute is called a(n): A. Agonal intythm OB. Junctional bradycardia C. Junctional escape rhythm O D. Complete AV blockWhich is not true of Re-entrant Arrhythmias A. Occurs when there is a "loop" of self excitation. B. Occurs in Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome. OC. Are driven at the intrinsic rate of the Sino Atrial node. O D. Can arise from unidirectional or transient block. OE. All are true.
- What is happening during the phase labeled with the arrow? Atrial depolarization Ventricular depolarization Ventricular repolarization or AV valve closureA 28-year-old athlete is noted to have a baseline heart rate of 55bpm, which his trainer attributes to excellent parasympathetic (vagal) tone. This parasympathetic effect normally increases Ach release at the SA and AV nodes. Ach release into AV node leads to which of the following effects of its fibers? a. increased action potential amplitudeb. increased conduction velocityc. increased K+ equilibrium potentiald. Hyperpolarizatione. increased rate of depolarization of the pacemaker potentialWhich portion of the ECG corresponds torepolarization of the atria?a. P waveb. QRS complexc. T waved. none of the above: atrial repolarization is maskedby ventricular depolarization
- Which of the following statements is true about the SA (sinoatrial) node? a. The action potential created by the pacemaker cells of the SA node directly stimulates the contractile cells of both the atria and ventricles. b. The rate of spontaneous depolarization of nodal cells is the fastest in the SA node. c. Pacemaker cells in the SA node form a pathway between the SA and AV nodes. d. The pacemaker cells, which establish the heart rate, are located only in the SA node.Which action potential phase is paired CORRECTLY with when it happens during the EKG? A. Action potential B, phase 0 = T wave B. Action potential A, phase 0 = QRS complex C. Action potential A, phase 3 = S-wave D. Action potential B, phase 0 = PQ interval E. Action potential A, phase 4 = ST segmentDuring atrial fibrillation: A. The EKG shows an exaggerated P wave. B. There is a noticeable increase in the regularity of beating. OC. The ventricle undergoes reentrant refractoriness. OD. None of the above. OE. All of the above.
- In an ECG, which of the following represents the repolarization of the ventricles? Group of answer choices T wave P wave The repolarization of the ventricles does not have a distinct wave, it is hidden in the QRS complex QRS complexA class of drugs called beta-blockers are commonly prescribed to cardiac patients in order to reduce their heart rate. Beta-blockers slow heart rate by reducing the conduction of action potentials through the A-V (atrioventricular) node. The most likely effect on an ECG shorter R-R interval shorter Q-T interval longer P-R interval longer T waveAll of the following are correct about the isovolumetric contraction, except ____________. A. This phase of the cardiac cycle begins with the appearance of the QRS complex of the ECG, which represents atrial repolarization and ventricular depolarization B. It represents the time period between the closure of the AV valves and the opening of the aortic and pulmonic valves, ventricular pressure rises rapidly without a change in ventricular volume C. The rate of pressure increase in the ventricles is determined by the rate of contraction of the muscle fibers, which is determine by mechanisms governing excitation-contraction coupling D. Ventricular chamber geometry changes considerably as the heart becomes more spheroid in shape; circumference increases and atrial base-to-apex length increases