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about 2. The following information pertains to the subsurface at a specific location: The soil is 9.1 m (30 ft) thick and it is a silt. . A thick sandstone formation 305-m (1000-ft) thick lies below the soil. hotslas 7510 The depth to the water table is 5.5 m (18 ft). . The silt has a capillary fringe 1.5 m (5 ft) thick. Based on this information, show the subdivisions of this cross section relative to the subdivisions of sub- surface water. Draw an appropriate hydrostatic pres- sure diagram for the cross section in keeping with Figure 13.2.

about 2. The following information pertains to the subsurface at a specific location: The soil is 9.1 m (30 ft) thick and it is a silt. . A thick sandstone formation 305-m (1000-ft) thick lies below the soil. hotslas 7510 The depth to the water table is 5.5 m (18 ft). . The silt has a capillary fringe 1.5 m (5 ft) thick. Based on this information, show the subdivisions of this cross section relative to the subdivisions of sub- surface water. Draw an appropriate hydrostatic pres- sure diagram for the cross section in keeping with Figure 13.2.

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
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or if areas along the eastern water aquifer (Marshak, 2013). blem for the populated Saltwater encroachment has become a major board of the United States. Some of the areas, ch as Long Island, New York, are heavily popu- ed year-round, and others are popular tourist reas, which experience large increases in population Juring t the tourist season. Atlantic City, New Jersey, is in example of a coastal area that typically experiences jeavy increases in population during the summer months and had to allow for such needs in their water supplies. With the advent of casino gambling there, an increase in tourism continues over much of the Ocean d H Reference datum h Saltwater d = 33h Hence if h is decreased by 0.3 m (1 ft), that is, if the water table is lowered by 0.3 m (1 ft), d decreases by 10 m (33 ft) or, indeed, the interface moves up 10 m (33 ft) as a consequence of the 0.3-m (1-ft) drop in the water table. Figure 13.20 Island with saltwater intrusion. This illustrates why it is so critical that a per- manent lowering of the water table not be allowed in coastal areas, either by overuse or by dewatering the sediments to allow mining. As previously stated, this can be prevented in mining areas if the water is recharged into the ground between the mining site and the seacoast, thus replenishing the saturated zone in that location. Freshwater p = 1.00 g/cm³ p = 1.03 g/cm³ h = height of water table above sea level d = thickness of freshwater layer below sea level or depth from sea level to saltwater interface Water table Saltwater interface Ocean Ocean bottom
Transcribed Image Text:or if areas along the eastern water aquifer (Marshak, 2013). blem for the populated Saltwater encroachment has become a major board of the United States. Some of the areas, ch as Long Island, New York, are heavily popu- ed year-round, and others are popular tourist reas, which experience large increases in population Juring t the tourist season. Atlantic City, New Jersey, is in example of a coastal area that typically experiences jeavy increases in population during the summer months and had to allow for such needs in their water supplies. With the advent of casino gambling there, an increase in tourism continues over much of the Ocean d H Reference datum h Saltwater d = 33h Hence if h is decreased by 0.3 m (1 ft), that is, if the water table is lowered by 0.3 m (1 ft), d decreases by 10 m (33 ft) or, indeed, the interface moves up 10 m (33 ft) as a consequence of the 0.3-m (1-ft) drop in the water table. Figure 13.20 Island with saltwater intrusion. This illustrates why it is so critical that a per- manent lowering of the water table not be allowed in coastal areas, either by overuse or by dewatering the sediments to allow mining. As previously stated, this can be prevented in mining areas if the water is recharged into the ground between the mining site and the seacoast, thus replenishing the saturated zone in that location. Freshwater p = 1.00 g/cm³ p = 1.03 g/cm³ h = height of water table above sea level d = thickness of freshwater layer below sea level or depth from sea level to saltwater interface Water table Saltwater interface Ocean Ocean bottom
parti 4. Detailed information about ing processes is crucial in the study of sites in carbonate sedimentary rock areas. The 1. Information supplied in this chapter indicates that the continental landmass of the Earth receives 100,000 km³ (24,000 mi³) of precipitation per year. What aver- age value, in centimeters (inches) per year, for rainfall on the continental landmasses is suggested by this? Recall that the Earth is essentially a sphere 12,735 km (7915 mi) in diameter, and the continents constitute about 21% of the surface area. EXERCISES ON GRO 2. The following information pertains to the subsurface at a specific location: . The soil is 9.1 m (30 ft) thick and it is a silt. ● ● A thick sandstone formation 305-m (1000-ft) thick lies below the soil. wo. The depth to the water table is 5.5 m (18 ft). The silt has a capillary fringe 1.5 m (5 ft) thick. Based on this information, show the subdivisions of this cross section relative to the subdivisions of sub- surface water. Draw an appropriate hydrostatic pres- sure diagram for the cross section in keeping with Figure 13.2. 3. a. If an artesian aquifer is intercepted by a well drilled 36.6 m (120 ft) deep and the water rises in a stand-
Transcribed Image Text:parti 4. Detailed information about ing processes is crucial in the study of sites in carbonate sedimentary rock areas. The 1. Information supplied in this chapter indicates that the continental landmass of the Earth receives 100,000 km³ (24,000 mi³) of precipitation per year. What aver- age value, in centimeters (inches) per year, for rainfall on the continental landmasses is suggested by this? Recall that the Earth is essentially a sphere 12,735 km (7915 mi) in diameter, and the continents constitute about 21% of the surface area. EXERCISES ON GRO 2. The following information pertains to the subsurface at a specific location: . The soil is 9.1 m (30 ft) thick and it is a silt. ● ● A thick sandstone formation 305-m (1000-ft) thick lies below the soil. wo. The depth to the water table is 5.5 m (18 ft). The silt has a capillary fringe 1.5 m (5 ft) thick. Based on this information, show the subdivisions of this cross section relative to the subdivisions of sub- surface water. Draw an appropriate hydrostatic pres- sure diagram for the cross section in keeping with Figure 13.2. 3. a. If an artesian aquifer is intercepted by a well drilled 36.6 m (120 ft) deep and the water rises in a stand-
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