a. The mean pressure of the surface of the Earth is 984 mbar, slightly less than the mean pressure at sea level, 1013 mbar. Use the barometric law (2.81) to calculate the mean altitude of the surface above sea level. b. Calculate the total mass of the atmosphere by considering that Force = Pressure * Area. The downward force of the atmosphere, by Newton’s Law, is the mass of the atmosphere times the acceleration of gravity. The mean pressure can be found above, and the area is the surface area of the earth. Use the average molecular weight of the atmosphere to calculate the number of moles of gas in the atmosphere. c. Use the number of moles of gas in the atmosphere and the mole fraction of N2O (Table 3.19) to calculate the number of moles and mass of N2O in the atmosphere

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Fluid Pressure

The term fluid pressure is coined as, the measurement of the force per unit area of a given surface of a closed container. It is a branch of physics that helps to study the properties of fluid under various conditions of force.

Gauge Pressure

Pressure is the physical force acting per unit area on a body; the applied force is perpendicular to the surface of the object per unit area. The air around us at sea level exerts a pressure (atmospheric pressure) of about 14.7 psi but this doesn’t seem to bother anyone as the bodily fluids are constantly pushing outwards with the same force but if one swims down into the ocean a few feet below the surface one can notice the difference, there is increased pressure on the eardrum, this is due to an increase in hydrostatic pressure.