A. Discuss the case scenario presented that includes the definition, epidemiology, signs and symptoms, treatment and management. B. Present the relevance of each diagnostic and laboratory tests to the patient in the given case scenario. C. Discuss what is meant by Craniotomy in relation to the given scenario.
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A. Discuss the case scenario presented that includes the definition, epidemiology, signs and symptoms, treatment and management.
B. Present the relevance of each diagnostic and laboratory tests to the patient in the given case scenario.
C. Discuss what is meant by Craniotomy in relation to the given scenario.
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- Sgt. Eddie Johns leaned back against the chair in the outpatient... Sgt. Eddie Johns leaned back against the chair in the outpatient orthopedic clinic. His head was killing him! He wasn't sure which was worse, the "morning after" headache or not being able to sleep at night. At least when he had a few beers under his belt so he could catch a few hours of sleep. It had been like this since he was air evacuated back stateside from Afghanistan after the roadside bomb went off. He was thankful that he had only broken his leg in a couple of places and gotten a bad bump on the head. They called that traumatic brain injury but he didn't know what that was and really didn't believe them anyway. He was still thinking just fine. His friend Joe wasn't so lucky! How was Joe going to learn to walk on those artificial legs? He was still in the hospital in Washington, DC. That was pretty far from his home. Eddie wished he could visit Joe. They had been in the same platoon for 9 months. But, Eddie…Amelia is a 68-year-old woman who was brought into ED by herneighbour. She woke this morning at 0600 hours with a 5/10 headache.At 0700 she called her neighbour and asked her to bring her to hospitalwhen she began to feel weak, and her headache increased to 7/10. Atthis time, one side of her face began to “feel strange”.She has past medical history of Atrial fibrillation (AF), hypertension (HT)and dyslipidaemia which she manages with Apixaban 2.5mg BD, Sotolol80mg daily, Amlodipine 5mg daily, Irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide300/25mg daily, Rosuvastatin 10mg daily.Amelia used to smoke 20 cigarettes/day but states she quit 5 years ago.When she was brought into ED, she told staff that she did not take hermedications this morning as she was too distracted by her increasingheadache.You are assigned to care for Amelia. As you are about to enter her room,you overhear Amelia crying to her neighbour, explaining that she isworried as her mother had died of a stroke. Vital signs:• BP 180/94• HR…The patient was a 62‐year‐old male who was in a normal state of health until he developed symptoms of dizziness and disequilibrium. Other symptoms included unsteadiness on his feet and numbness in both distal lower and upper extremities. Over the course of 2 weeks his presenting symptoms significantly progressed and he developed an intermittent diplopia. Two months later, the patient began to experience progressive dementia, personality changes, psychosis, progressive ataxia, alien limb, and myoclonus. An extensive neurological workup was performed. An electromyogram (EMG) and nerve conduction study (NCS) revealed a demyelinating peripheral neuropathy with axonal features consistent with Guillain‒Barre Syndrome. The patient had two magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analyses that were both suggestive of CJD. However, an electroencephalogram (EEG) study was not suggestive of CJD. A sample of CSF was sent to the National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center (NPDPSC) in…
- A 50 year old patient suddenly exhibits hemiplegia without evidence of head or neck trauma and without increased intracranial pressure. What could be a possible cause? O subarachnoid hemorrhage O brain contusion cerebral palsy spina bifida O Huntington's disease O cerebrovascular accidentMeet Mr. Bergen Mr. Bergen, a 72-year-old man, is admitted to the hospital due to an acute onset of a right facial droop, right arm weakness, and difficulty speaking coherently. His symptoms started 6 hours prior while sitting at his kitchen table. He had no headache, loss of consciousness, and no abnormal motor movements. His medical history includes high blood pressure and a heart attack five years ago. His medications include a daily aspirin, and he has been a lifelong smoker. His temperature is normal, his heart rate is 62 beats per minute, and his blood pressure is 135/87. The rest of his neurological and physical exam is normal his heart rhythm is normal, and his blood tests all come back normal. Overview When first trying to put together the factors involved in making a diagnosis from a medical case study, a good place to start is making a set of general observations about the patient. These observations include the patient's history, set of symptoms, general appearance and…Mr. Q, age 64 years, developed a severe headache several hours ago that has not responded to acetaminophen (Tylenol). Now his speech is slurred, and his right arm and the right side of his face feel numb. He is very anxious and is transported to the hospital. Mr. Q has a history of smoking and arteriosclerosis, and there is a family history of CVA(Cerebrovascular Accident) and diabetes. Assessment at the hospital indicated weakness on the right side, including facial asymmetry and blood pressure of 220/110 Hg mm. A CT scan showed damaged tissue on the left side of the brain, and an angiography indicated a narrowing of the carotid arteries and middle cerebral arteries, with occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery. Explain the predisposing factors in this case, and relate Mr. Q’s initial signs to the pathological changes. Discuss the different types of disabilities That Mr.Q will face and possible treatments plans?
- A 75-year-old man was found unconscious in his bathroom after fallingand hitting his head. He survived for several hours but died later in thehospital. An autopsy was performed to determine the exact cause ofdeath. Evidence indicated that the man had suffered two strokes, bothdue to blocked blood vessels. One had occurred a few weeks earlier;the other had occurred very recently and may have led to the fall.Autopsy findings also indicated that, when the man hit his head, somedamage to his brain occurred as well. Based on what you know aboutinflammation and the cellular structure of the brain, describe what thepathologist found in each of the damaged areas of the brain.A 26-year-old male was returning from a neighborhood store with a six-pack of beer. He attempted to run across a busy street but was struck by a car. He was fully conscious at the scene, complaining of pain in his abdomen and left leg. Examination by paramedics revealed an open fracture of the left tibia with moderate bleeding, left upper quadrant pain with rebound tenderness, and a fast, weak pulse. The leg was immobilized, oxygen was administered, an IV started, and he was transported to the Trauma Center, approximately 10 minutes away. About 3 minutes before arriving at the Trauma Center, he suffered cardiopulmonary arrest from which he could not be resuscitated, despite vigorous advanced life support. At autopsy, his stomach was found to be full of beer, along with 4 whole wieners (without any teeth marks!). His spleen, which is normally about the size of the patient’s fist, was grossly enlarged: it measured from just under the diaphragm to the level of the umbilicus, and from the…A 24-year-old female visits her GP after having been in an automobile accident three days prior. She reports that while driving in slippery conditions she rear-ended the car in front of her and she was then rear-ended by the car behind her. She was traveling at about 30 mph and her airbags did employ. She reports first responders found no injuries but advised her to follow up with her GP if she developed any unusual symptoms.The woman reports that she seemed fine after the accident but did wake the morning after with a bit of a stiff neck and a headache; she didn't feel this was unusual given the accident and went on about her day. At the end of the next day she had to carry heavy bags up two flights of stairs to her apartment and when almost to her door she felt a zing all the way down her right arm. She immediately put the bags down. When she lifted the bags again her right arm felt numb. She woke this morning with a very stiff neck, stiffness in her upper arm, and “tingles” in her…
- A 24-year-old female visits her GP after having been in an automobile accident three days prior. She reports that while driving in slippery conditions she rear-ended the car in front of her and she was then rear-ended by the car behind her. She was traveling at about 30 mph and her airbags did employ. She reports first responders found no injuries but advised her to follow up with her GP if she developed any unusual symptoms.The woman reports that she seemed fine after the accident but did wake the morning after with a bit of a stiff neck and a headache; she didn't feel this was unusual given the accident and went on about her day. At the end of the next day she had to carry heavy bags up two flights of stairs to her apartment and when almost to her door she felt a zing all the way down her right arm. She immediately put the bags down. When she lifted the bags again her right arm felt numb. She woke this morning with a very stiff neck, stiffness in her upper arm, and “tingles” in her…A 24-year-old female visits her GP after having been in an automobile accident three days prior. She reports that while driving in slippery conditions she rear-ended the car in front of her and she was then rear-ended by the car behind her. She was traveling at about 30 mph and her airbags did employ. She reports first responders found no injuries but advised her to follow up with her GP if she developed any unusual symptoms.The woman reports that she seemed fine after the accident but did wake the morning after with a bit of a stiff neck and a headache; she didn't feel this was unusual given the accident and went on about her day. At the end of the next day she had to carry heavy bags up two flights of stairs to her apartment and when almost to her door she felt a zing all the way down her right arm. She immediately put the bags down. When she lifted the bags again her right arm felt numb. She woke this morning with a very stiff neck, stiffness in her upper arm, and “tingles” in her…Someone asks Sara, "Why are you so cranky lately?" This is the third time this week that someone has asked Sara that question. When she stops to think about it, Sara realizes that she's been upset over what should be minor issues. I just need more sleep, he thinks. But that doesn't make sense either. She has been sleeping about 9 hours each night, but can barely keep her eyes open through dinner. You remember that your annual checkup is due in a few days, and you decide to ask your doctor about your symptoms. The day of the appointment arrives, and back at the doctor's office, Sara fills out the usual paperwork and lists any symptoms she's noticed recently: fatigue, increased urination, irritability, back pain. 1. Increased urination (frequent urination) is a symptom associated with which endocrine disorder? to. Mellitus diabetesb. Acromegalyc. Cretinismd. hyperthyroidism The nurse calls Sara to take her vital signs and her weight. Sara is surprised to learn that she has gained several…