A woman is in labor. The size of the fetus combined with the contractions of the uterine muscular layer stretches the uterine wall, stimulating stretch receptors in the cervix. Signals from these receptors are conducted through nerves to the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary. The hypothalamus/posterior pituitary releases oxytocin. The oxytocin travels through the blood and stimulates the smooth muscle layer of the uterus. Oxytocin has two effects on the uterine smooth muscle: It directly stimulates the smooth muscle to contract more frequently and more It causes the uterine wall to release prostaglandins, which increase the frequency and force of These effects push the fetus more forcefully into the cervix, stimulating the stretch receptors further. The receptors send additional impulses to the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary. The increased activation of the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary stimulates release of additional oxytocin, which further stimulates the uterus. This cycle of activation continues until the fetus is expelled from the uterus. What is the stimulus of this control loop? What is the control center? What is the effector? This is an example of (positive/negative) How could you tell?

Phlebotomy Essentials

6th Edition

ISBN:9781451194524

Author:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)

Publisher:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)

Chapter1: Phlebotomy: Past And Present And The Healthcare Setting

Section: Chapter Questions

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A woman is in labor. The size of the fetus combined with the contractions of the uterine muscular layer stretches the uterine wall, stimulating stretch receptors in the cervix. Signals from these receptors are conducted through nerves to the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary. The hypothalamus/posterior pituitary releases oxytocin. The oxytocin travels through the blood and stimulates the smooth muscle layer of the uterus. Oxytocin has two effects on the uterine smooth muscle:

It directly stimulates the smooth muscle to contract more frequently and more
It causes the uterine wall to release prostaglandins, which increase the frequency and force of

These effects push the fetus more forcefully into the cervix, stimulating the stretch receptors further. The receptors send additional impulses to the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary. The increased activation of the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary stimulates release of additional oxytocin, which further stimulates the uterus. This cycle of activation continues until the fetus is expelled from the uterus.

What is the stimulus of this control loop?
What is the control center?
What is the effector?
This is an example of (positive/negative) How could you tell?

Case#2:
A woman is in labor. The size of the fetus combined with the contractions of the uterine
muscular layer stretches the uterine wall, stimulating stretch receptors in the cervix. Signals
from these receptors are conducted through nerves to the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary.
The hypothalamus/posterior pituitary releases oxytocin. The oxytocin travels through the blood
and stimulates the smooth muscle layer of the uterus. Oxytocin has two effects on the
uterine smooth muscle:
1. It directly stimulates the smooth muscle to contract more frequently and more forcefully.
2. Itcauses the uterine wall to releaseprostaglandins, whichincreasethefrequency and force of
the contractionseven more.
These effects push the fetus more forcefully into the cervix, stimulating the stretch receptors
further. The receptors send additional impulses to the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary. The
increased activation of the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary stimulates release of additional
oxytocin, which further stimulates the uterus. This cycle of activation continues until the fetus is
expelled from the uterus.
1. Whatisthestimulus ofthis controlloop?
2. What is the control center?
3. What is the effector?
4. This is an example of_(positive / negative) feedback. How could you tell?

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