a) What are the effective population sizes Ne for each Generation 1 through 4, relative to Generation 0 (the founder population)?  b) What is the effective population size of Generation 4 relative to Generation 3?  c) Is there any evidence for changes in population size after the founder event, and if so, at which generation did the size change in the number of breeding individuals occur

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Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.