A water contains 50.40 mg · L−1 as CaCO3 of carbon dioxide, 190.00 mg · L−1 as CaCO3 of Ca2+ and 55.00 mg · L−1 as CaCO3 of Mg2+. All of the hardness is carbonate hardness. Using the stoichiometry of the lime soda ash softening equations, what is the daily sludge production (in dry weight, kg · day−1) if the plant treats water at a rate of 2.935 m3 · s−1? Assume that the effluent water contains no carbon dioxide, 30.0 mg · L−1 as CaCO3 of Ca2+ and 10.0 mg · L−1 as CaCO3 of Mg2+. Be sure to calculate the mass of CaCO3 and Mg(OH)2 sludge produced each day.

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Solutions

Solutions can be considered as homogeneous mixtures which contain two or more than two chemical substances. The chemical substance which is the greater part is defined as solvent. And the chemical substance that is dissolved in a solvent is referred to as solute. Solution chemistry plays an important role in chemistry since it supports many commercial applications of solutions.