(a) Using the chain rule, show that = 1, and (i) dt d² (ii) = 1/²-1/dr. (iii) Hence show that (*) becomes a constant coefficient equation. (b) Use the method in (i) to find the general solution of the following equation, for t > 0: +²²+2t - 8x = t

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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4.4

4 One type of equation that occasionally occurs in economics is Euler's differential equation
²²+at+bx
= 0, where t > 0, and a and b are constants.
This is linear, but the coefficients are not constants. It can be solved by transforming it into one with
constant coefficients by using the change of variable t = es (or, equivalently, s = lnt).
Transcribed Image Text:4 One type of equation that occasionally occurs in economics is Euler's differential equation ²²+at+bx = 0, where t > 0, and a and b are constants. This is linear, but the coefficients are not constants. It can be solved by transforming it into one with constant coefficients by using the change of variable t = es (or, equivalently, s = lnt).
(a) Using the chain rule, show that
dx
(i)
1 dx
and
dt
t ds'
d²
dt2
d²a
dx
(ii) = -1
1 dr.
ds²
ds
(iii) Hence show that (*) becomes a constant coefficient equation.
(b) Use the method in (i) to find the general solution of the following equation, for t > 0:
+²²+2t - 8x = t
Transcribed Image Text:(a) Using the chain rule, show that dx (i) 1 dx and dt t ds' d² dt2 d²a dx (ii) = -1 1 dr. ds² ds (iii) Hence show that (*) becomes a constant coefficient equation. (b) Use the method in (i) to find the general solution of the following equation, for t > 0: +²²+2t - 8x = t
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