(a) Use the vertex formula to find the vertex of the following function. (b) Find the intervals where f is increasing and where f is decreasing f(x) = 2x - 4x + 1 (a) The vertex is (Type an ordered pair.)
Minimization
In mathematics, traditional optimization problems are typically expressed in terms of minimization. When we talk about minimizing or maximizing a function, we refer to the maximum and minimum possible values of that function. This can be expressed in terms of global or local range. The definition of minimization in the thesaurus is the process of reducing something to a small amount, value, or position. Minimization (noun) is an instance of belittling or disparagement.
Maxima and Minima
The extreme points of a function are the maximum and the minimum points of the function. A maximum is attained when the function takes the maximum value and a minimum is attained when the function takes the minimum value.
Derivatives
A derivative means a change. Geometrically it can be represented as a line with some steepness. Imagine climbing a mountain which is very steep and 500 meters high. Is it easier to climb? Definitely not! Suppose walking on the road for 500 meters. Which one would be easier? Walking on the road would be much easier than climbing a mountain.
Concavity
In calculus, concavity is a descriptor of mathematics that tells about the shape of the graph. It is the parameter that helps to estimate the maximum and minimum value of any of the functions and the concave nature using the graphical method. We use the first derivative test and second derivative test to understand the concave behavior of the function.
![### Quadratic Functions and Their Properties
In this exercise, we will explore two key aspects of a given quadratic function: identifying the vertex and determining the intervals where the function is increasing or decreasing.
**Given Function:**
\[ f(x) = 2x^2 - 4x + 1 \]
#### Instructions:
**(a)** Use the vertex formula to find the vertex of the given function.
**(b)** Determine the intervals where \( f(x) \) is increasing and where \( f(x) \) is decreasing.
#### Solution:
1. **Finding the Vertex:**
The vertex of a quadratic function written in the standard form \( ax^2 + bx + c \) can be found using the formula:
\[ x = \frac{-b}{2a} \]
For the given function:
\[ a = 2, \, b = -4 \, \text{and} \, c = 1 \]
Plugging in the values, we get:
\[ x = \frac{-(-4)}{2(2)} = \frac{4}{4} = 1 \]
To find the y-coordinate of the vertex, substitute \( x = 1 \) back into the function:
\[ f(1) = 2(1)^2 - 4(1) + 1 = 2 - 4 + 1 = -1 \]
Therefore, the vertex is:
\[ \text{The vertex is } (1, -1) \, \text{(Type an ordered pair)} \]
2. **Finding Intervals of Increase and Decrease:**
Since the coefficient of \( x^2 \) (which is 2) is positive, the parabola opens upwards. Therefore, the function decreases before the vertex and increases after the vertex.
- **Increasing Interval:**
For \( x > 1 \)
- **Decreasing Interval:**
For \( x < 1 \)
By understanding these properties, you can analyze the behavior of quadratic functions more effectively.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ff7bd99ef-7092-4177-9c19-951c55d49391%2F47df2661-8f72-47c7-9e65-566eb6e9b782%2Fkcec54an_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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