a University, the faculty members were surveyed and classified according to Designation and number of  research publications during the last Academic year. The data are shown in the Table 2. Research Publications Professor Associate Professor Assistant Professor Lecturer 0 0 0 2 8 1 – 2 3 6 14 20 3 – 5 2 4 12 8 More than 5 1 1 4 1 Table 2   If a faculty member is selected at random, find the probability that The faculty member have 3 publications during last year given that he/she is an Assistant Professor The faculty member is Lecturer given that he/she do not have any publication.

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At a University, the faculty members were surveyed and classified according to Designation and number of  research publications during the last Academic year. The data are shown in the Table 2.

Research Publications

Professor

Associate Professor

Assistant Professor

Lecturer

0

0

0

2

8

1 – 2

3

6

14

20

3 – 5

2

4

12

8

More than 5

1

1

4

1

Table 2

 

If a faculty member is selected at random, find the probability that

  1. The faculty member have 3 publications during last year given that he/she is an Assistant Professor
  2. The faculty member is Lecturer given that he/she do not have any publication.

 

Expert Solution
Step 1

Probability could be defined as a number that always falls between 0 and 1, where 0 implies the impossibility of an event to happen and 1 implies the possibility of an event to happen. It could be defined as the number of favorable outcomes divided by the number of possible outcomes, where the outcomes are equally likely.

There are various concepts of probability.

Simple probability : As mentioned above

Conditional probability : It is the probability of a certain event when some other event had already occurred.

Sum of total probability : Finding unnational probability from all the conditional probabilities.

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