A truck was driving on a highway at 30 m/s when its brakes gave out. The driver steered it onto a “runaway truck ramp”, consisting of an upward ramp (rising 12 meters vertically over 120 meters horizontally), and ending with a compressible barrier which you can model as a giant spring with spring constant “k”. The compressible barrier can be compressed by a maximum 0.5 meters before it stops working. Graphic attached Values: Mass of the truck: 20 metric tons (1 metric ton = 1000kg). Mass of the driver: Choose a reasonable value. Truck Ramp Dimensions: 12 meters vertical, 120 meters horizontal Spring constant k= 6.0 x 107 J/m2. Part 1: Big question: How fast is the truck moving when it first hits the collapsible barrier? Use what you’ve learned in PHYS 2A so far to analyze this scenario. It may help to draw a physical scenario diagram and an object interaction diagram. These are not required Draw as many complete Energy Interaction Diagrams as necessary to model the scenario including a written justification as to why the physical system is open / closed Answer the Big Question (or, explain how you would use the solution to your equation to answer the Big Question if you don’t have time to do all the algebra) Part 2: Big question: Is the hill and the compressible barrier enough to stop the truck? (Recall the barrier can only compress by 0.5 meters; is this enough?) Use what you’ve learned in PHYS 2A so far to analyze this scenario. It may help to draw a physical scenario diagram and an object interaction diagram. These are not required Draw as many complete Energy Interaction Diagrams as necessary to model the scenario including a written justification as to why the physical system is open / closed. Answer the Big Question (or, explain how you would use the solution to your equation to answer the Big Question if you don’t have time to do all the algebra) Reminder: Use the Claim, Evidence, Reasoning framework to present your solutions. This means using a model from class including relevant, complete diagram(s) and explicitly writing out your reasoning. Maybe useful information: A Joule is defined as: [J] = [(kg)(m2/s2)] ∆Ethermal = m Cp ∆T ∆Ephase = ∆m Hp P =∑∆E / ∆t Q + W = ∑∆E ∆KETranslationsal =½ m∆v2 ∆PEGraviational =mg∆y where g = 10m/s2 ∆PEElastic = ½k∆x2
Kinematics
A machine is a device that accepts energy in some available form and utilizes it to do a type of work. Energy, work, or power has to be transferred from one mechanical part to another to run a machine. While the transfer of energy between two machine parts, those two parts experience a relative motion with each other. Studying such relative motions is termed kinematics.
Kinetic Energy and Work-Energy Theorem
In physics, work is the product of the net force in direction of the displacement and the magnitude of this displacement or it can also be defined as the energy transfer of an object when it is moved for a distance due to the forces acting on it in the direction of displacement and perpendicular to the displacement which is called the normal force. Energy is the capacity of any object doing work. The SI unit of work is joule and energy is Joule. This principle follows the second law of Newton's law of motion where the net force causes the acceleration of an object. The force of gravity which is downward force and the normal force acting on an object which is perpendicular to the object are equal in magnitude but opposite to the direction, so while determining the net force, these two components cancel out. The net force is the horizontal component of the force and in our explanation, we consider everything as frictionless surface since friction should also be calculated while called the work-energy component of the object. The two most basics of energy classification are potential energy and kinetic energy. There are various kinds of kinetic energy like chemical, mechanical, thermal, nuclear, electrical, radiant energy, and so on. The work is done when there is a change in energy and it mainly depends on the application of force and movement of the object. Let us say how much work is needed to lift a 5kg ball 5m high. Work is mathematically represented as Force ×Displacement. So it will be 5kg times the gravitational constant on earth and the distance moved by the object. Wnet=Fnet times Displacement.
Instructions: Your task is to create a model in response to the prompts in the question below. Be sure to apply a model from this class and include the relevant diagram(s) for that model. And don’t forget to use the Claim, Evidence, Reasoning framework to present your solution.
Phenomenon: Runaway Truck Ramp
A truck was driving on a highway at 30 m/s when its brakes gave out. The driver steered it onto a “runaway truck ramp”, consisting of an upward ramp (rising 12 meters vertically over 120 meters horizontally), and ending with a compressible barrier which you can model as a giant spring with spring constant “k”. The compressible barrier can be compressed by a maximum 0.5 meters before it stops working.
Graphic attached
Values: Mass of the truck: 20 metric tons (1 metric ton = 1000kg).
Mass of the driver: Choose a reasonable value.
Truck Ramp Dimensions: 12 meters vertical, 120 meters horizontal
Spring constant k= 6.0 x 107 J/m2.
Part 1: Big question: How fast is the truck moving when it first hits the collapsible barrier?
Use what you’ve learned in PHYS 2A so far to analyze this scenario.
- It may help to draw a physical scenario diagram and an object interaction diagram. These are not required
- Draw as many complete Energy Interaction Diagrams as necessary to model the scenario including a written justification as to why the physical system is open / closed
- Answer the Big Question (or, explain how you would use the solution to your equation to answer the Big Question if you don’t have time to do all the algebra)
Part 2: Big question: Is the hill and the compressible barrier enough to stop the truck? (Recall the barrier can only compress by 0.5 meters; is this enough?)
Use what you’ve learned in PHYS 2A so far to analyze this scenario.
- It may help to draw a physical scenario diagram and an object interaction diagram. These are not required
- Draw as many complete Energy Interaction Diagrams as necessary to model the scenario including a written justification as to why the physical system is open / closed.
- Answer the Big Question (or, explain how you would use the solution to your equation to answer the Big Question if you don’t have time to do all the algebra)
Reminder: Use the Claim, Evidence, Reasoning framework to present your solutions. This means using a model from class including relevant, complete diagram(s) and explicitly writing out your reasoning.
Maybe useful information: A Joule is defined as: [J] = [(kg)(m2/s2)]
| ∆Ethermal = m Cp ∆T | ∆Ephase = ∆m Hp | P =∑∆E / ∆t |
| Q + W = ∑∆E | ||
| ∆KETranslationsal =½ m∆v2 |
∆PEGraviational =mg∆y where g = 10m/s2 |
∆PEElastic = ½k∆x2 |
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