A triatomic molecule can have a linear configuration, as does CO, (Figure a), or it can be nonlinear, like H,0 (Figure b). Suppose the temperature of a gas of triatomic molecules is sufficiently low that vibrational motion is negligible. C a H H (a) What is the molar specific heat at constant volume, expressed as a multiple of the universal gas constant (R) if the molecules are linear? Eint/nT = (b) What is the molar specific heat at constant volume, expressed as a multiple of the universal gas constant (R) if the molecules are nonlinear? Eint/nT = At high temperatures, a triatomic molecule has two modes of vibration, and each contributes to the molar specific heat for its kinetic energy and another R for its potential energy. (c) Identify the high-temperature molar specific heat at constant volume for a triatomic ideal gas of the linear molecules. (Use the following as necessary: R.) Eint/nT = (d) Identify the high-temperature molar specific heat at constant volume for a triatomic ideal gas of the nonlinear molecules. (Use the following as necessary: R.) Eint/nT = (e) Explain how specific heat data can be used to determine whether a triatomic molecule is linear or nonlinear.
Classes Of Functional Groups
Organic Chemistry deals mostly with carbon and hydrogens, also called hydrocarbons, but those groups which replace hydrogen and bonds with carbon to give a characteristic nature, unique of their own, to the hydrocarbon they are attached to, are called functional groups. All the compounds belonging to a functional group undergo reactions in a similar pattern and are known to have similar physical and chemical properties.
Characteristics Of Functional Groups
In organic chemistry, we encounter a number of special substituent groups which are attached to the hydrocarbon backbone. These groups impart certain characteristics to the molecule of which it is a part of and thus, become the highlight of that particular molecule.
IUPAC Nomenclature
In Chemistry, IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry which suggested a systematic naming approach for the organic and inorganic compounds, as in the beginning stage of nomenclature one single chemical compound was named in many ways by which lead to confusion. The need for this approach aroused as the number of chemical compounds newly discovered were increasing (approximately 32 million compounds) and the basic concept of nomenclature i.e. the trivial nomenclature and the derived system of nomenclature failed to overcome the challenge. It is an important task to name a chemical compound systematically and unambiguously which reduces lots of confusion about the newly reported compounds.
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