A Transporter A Transporter B B Transporter C O Transporter D C D Electrochemical gradient: Which transporter (D or E) represents how the Na+/Glucose transporter allows for glucose uptake into intestinal cells? Note that the outside and inside of the cell are not labeled. high high low M low high low
Sodium-dependent glucose cotransporters, also known as sodium-glucose linked transporters (SGLT), are a family of glucose transporters that are present in the proximal tubule of the nephron and the intestinal mucosa (enterocytes) of the small intestine (SGLT1) (SGLT2 in PCT and SGLT1 in PST). They aid in the reabsorption of glucose by the kidneys. The glomerulus in the kidneys filters glucose, but 98% of it must be reabsorbed along the nephron in PCT. Because SGLT are saturated with the filtered glucose, glucose flows into the urine (glucosuria) if the plasma glucose concentration is too high (hyperglycemia).
SGLT1 and SGLT2, which are members of the SLC5A gene family, are the two most well-known members of the SGLT family. The human protein family SLC5A has five more members in addition to SGLT1 and SGLT2, some of which may also be sodium-glucose transporters.
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