A transmitter has an output power of 50 W. It is connected to its antenna by a feed line that is 25 m long and properly matched. The loss in the feedline is 5 dB/100m. The antenna has a gain of 8.5 dBi. a) How much power reaches the antenna? b) What is the EIRP in the direction of maximum antenna gain? c) What is the power density 1 km from the antenna, in the direction of maximum gain, assuming free-space propagation?

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Antenna Characteristics

The antenna is an important concept in the domain of electronics and communication engineering. An antenna forms an integral part of many commonly used devices such as wireless modems, routers, game controllers, mobile phones, bluetooth devices, and so on. In simple terms, any wireless communication makes use of antennas to serve the purpose. An antenna, also known by the term 'arial', is an electrical device that converts electrical signals into electromagnetic waves or electromagnetic waves into electrical signals. An antenna contains a transmission line usually made up of co-axial cable, it then receives the signals and converts them into electromagnetic waves, which are then transmitted via space into their required destination. A communication system essentially makes use of two antennas, a transmission antenna, which converts electrical signals into electromagnetic waves, and a receiving antenna, which receives the electromagnetic waves and converts them back into electrical signals.