A tornado can be idealized as a Rankine vortex with a core of diameter 30 m. See the description of a Rankine vortex In Fig. 11.A1. The gage pressure at a radius of 15 m is -2000 N/m² (that is, the absolute pressure is 2000 N/m2 below atmospheric). a. Show that the circulation around any circuit surrounding the core is 5485 m²/s. (Hint: apply the Bernoulli equation between infinity and the edge of the core.) b. Such a tornado is moving at a linear speed of 25 m/s relative to the ground. Find the time required for the gage pressure to drop from -500 N/m2 to -2000 N/m². Neglect compressibility effects and assume an air temperature of 25°C. (Note that the tornado causes a sudden decrease of the local atmospheric pressure. The damage to structures is often caused by the resulting pressure excess on the inside of the walls, which can cause a house to explode.) c. Be suitably impressed.

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1. A tornado can be idealized as a Rankine vortex with a core of diameter 30 m. See the description of
a Rankine vortex In Fig. 11.A1. The gage pressure at a radius of 15 m is –2000 N/m² (that is, the
absolute pressure is 2000 N/m² below atmospheric).
a. Show that the circulation around any circuit surrounding the core is 5485 m²/s. (Hint: apply
the Bernoulli equation between infinity and the edge of the core.)
b. Such a tornado is moving at a linear speed of 25 m/s relative to the ground. Find the time
required for the gage pressure to drop from -500 N/m² to -2000 N/m2. Neglect
compressibility effects and assume an air temperature of 25°C. (Note that the tornado
causes a sudden decrease of the local atmospheric pressure. The damage to structures is
often caused by the resulting pressure excess on the inside of the walls, which can cause a
house to explode.)
c. Be suitably impressed.
Rankine Vortex
Real vortices, such as a bathtub vortex or an atmospheric cycione, have a core
that rotates nearly like a solid body and an approximately irrotational far field
(Figure 3.16a). A rotational core must exist, because the tangential velocity in
an irrotational vortex has an infinite velocity jump at the origin. An idealization
of such a behavior is called the Rankine vortex, in which the vorticity is assumed
uniform within a core of radius R and zero outside the core (Figure 3.16b).
(a) Real vortex
R -
(b) Rankinc vonex
Fig. 3.16 Velocity and vorticity distributions in a real vortex and a Rankine vortex.
Fig. 11.A1 Description of a Rankine vortex.
Fig.3.16 from Kundu (1990).
Transcribed Image Text:1. A tornado can be idealized as a Rankine vortex with a core of diameter 30 m. See the description of a Rankine vortex In Fig. 11.A1. The gage pressure at a radius of 15 m is –2000 N/m² (that is, the absolute pressure is 2000 N/m² below atmospheric). a. Show that the circulation around any circuit surrounding the core is 5485 m²/s. (Hint: apply the Bernoulli equation between infinity and the edge of the core.) b. Such a tornado is moving at a linear speed of 25 m/s relative to the ground. Find the time required for the gage pressure to drop from -500 N/m² to -2000 N/m2. Neglect compressibility effects and assume an air temperature of 25°C. (Note that the tornado causes a sudden decrease of the local atmospheric pressure. The damage to structures is often caused by the resulting pressure excess on the inside of the walls, which can cause a house to explode.) c. Be suitably impressed. Rankine Vortex Real vortices, such as a bathtub vortex or an atmospheric cycione, have a core that rotates nearly like a solid body and an approximately irrotational far field (Figure 3.16a). A rotational core must exist, because the tangential velocity in an irrotational vortex has an infinite velocity jump at the origin. An idealization of such a behavior is called the Rankine vortex, in which the vorticity is assumed uniform within a core of radius R and zero outside the core (Figure 3.16b). (a) Real vortex R - (b) Rankinc vonex Fig. 3.16 Velocity and vorticity distributions in a real vortex and a Rankine vortex. Fig. 11.A1 Description of a Rankine vortex. Fig.3.16 from Kundu (1990).
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