A test of abstract reasoning is given to a random sample of students before and after they completed a formal logic course. The results are given below. At the 0.05 significance level, test the claim that the mean score is not affected by the course. Before 74 83 70 88 84 63 93 84 91 77 After 73 77 70 77 74 67 95 83 84 75   what is Ho and H? what is the test stastisic and p value?   what conclusion can be drawn?

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