A temperature sensor has sensitivity of 6.3 mV/0C, has no offset, and is designed to measure temperatures between 00C and 1500C. An amplifier takes the signal from the sensor and converts it to a form suitable for driving a measurement instrument at its output. The instrument requires an input voltage of 10.5 V to produce the full-scale deflection on the meter. The full-scale deflection should correspond to a temperature of 1000C. The output resistance of the sensor is 200 Ω. The input resistance of the voltmeter is 9.1 kΩ. The amplifier subsystem has an input resistance of 5.1 kΩ and an output resistance of 50 Ω. The open circuit voltage gain A may be adjusted over a wide range of values, as required. Calculate the required open-circuit voltage gain for the amplifier (to 1 d.p.).

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Digital to Analog Converters

Digital to analog converters are commonly known as DAC, digital analog converter, D2A, or Digital-to-Analog converters. DACs are one of the important devices used in the electronics and electrical domain. DACs are the systems that convert a digital signal into an analog signal, whereas an analog to digital converter or ADC performs the opposite function. Digital signals are those signals that can represent the information or data as a set of discrete values. At a particular instant of time, a digital signal can only take a particular value of data. A digital signal is characterized by two unique values; zeros and ones, or true and false, represented by the Boolean domain. These are also known as binary signals or logic signals. Unlike digital signals, an analog signal is represented by continuous values, where at any time instant, the analog signal is represented by a real number.