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Name: A study was conducted to determine the proportion of people who dream
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Description: A study was conducted to determine the proportion of people who dream in black and white instead of color. Among 320 people over the age of 55, 72 dream in black and white, and among 313 people under the age of 25, 15 dream in black and white. Use

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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A study was conducted to determine the proportion of people who dream in black and white instead of color. Among 320 people over the age of 55, 72 dream in black and white, and among 313 people under the age of 25, 15 dream in black and white. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the proportion of people over 55 who dream in black and white is greater than the proportion for those under 25. Complete parts (a) through (c) below.

a. Test the claim using a hypothesis test.

Consider the first sample to be the sample of people over the age of 55 and the second sample to be the sample of people under the age of 25. What are the null and alternative hypotheses for the hypothesis test?

H0: p1=p2

H1: p1≠p2

H0: p1=p2

H1: p1>p2

H0: p1≥p2

H1: p1≠p2

H0: p1≠p2

H1: p1=p2

H0: p1≤p2

H1: p1≠p2

H0: p1=p2

H1:p1<p2

Identify the test statistic.

z=_____

(Round to two decimal places as needed.)

Identify the P-value.

P-value=_____

(Round to three decimal places as needed.)

What is the conclusion based on the hypothesis test?

The P-value is (greater than, less than) the significance level of α=0.01, so

(reject, fail to reject) the null hypothesis. There is (insufficient, sufficient)

evidence to support the claim that the proportion of people over 55 who dream in black and white is greater than the proportion for those under 25.

b. Test the claim by constructing an appropriate confidence interval.

The 98% confidence interval is

_____<p1−p2<______

(Round to three decimal places as needed.)

What is the conclusion based on the confidence interval?

Because the confidence interval limits (do not include, include) 0, it appears that the two proportions are (not equal, equal.)
Because the confidence interval limits include (only positive, positive and negative, only negative) values, it appears that the proportion of people over 55 who dream in black and white is (greater than, lesser than)

not significantly different from the proportion for those under 25.

C. An explanation for the results is that those over the age of 55 grew up exposed to media that was displayed in black and white. Can these results be used to verify that explanation?

No. The results speak to a possible difference between the proportions of people over 55 and under 25 who dream in black and white, but the results are not statistically significant enough to verify the cause of such a difference.

No. The results speak to a possible difference between the proportions of people over 55 and under 25 who dream in black and white, but the results cannot be used to verify the cause of such a difference.

Yes. The results can be used to verify the given explanation because the difference in proportions is statistically significant.

Yes. The results can be used to verify the given explanation because the difference in proportions is practically significant.

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