) A study was conducted of the effects of a special class designed to aid students with verbal skills. Each child was given a verbal skills test twice, both before and after completing a 4-week period in the class. Let Y = score on exam at time 2 - score on exam at time 1. Hence, if the population mean µ for Y is equal to 0, the class has no effect, on the average. For the four children in the study, the observed values of Y are 8-5=3, 10-3=7, 5-2=3, and 7-4=3 (e.g. for the first child, the scores were 5 on exam 1 and 8 on exam 2, so Y = 8-5=3). It is planned to test the null hypothesis of no effect against the alternative hypothesis that the effect is positive, based on the following results from a computer software package: Variable Number of Cases Mean Std. Dev. Std. ErrorY 4 4.000 2.000 1.000 Set up the null and alternative hypotheses.

Introduction: It is required to set up the null and alternative hypotheses to determine if the…

Answered: ) A study was conducted of the effects…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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) A study was conducted of the effects of a special class designed to aid students with verbal skills. Each child was given a verbal skills test twice, both before and after completing a 4-week period in the class. Let Y = score on exam at time 2 - score on exam at time 1. Hence, if the population mean µ for Y is equal to 0, the class has no effect, on the average. For the four children in the study, the observed values of Y are 8-5=3, 10-3=7, 5-2=3, and 7-4=3 (e.g. for the first child, the scores were 5 on exam 1 and 8 on exam 2, so Y = 8-5=3). It is planned to test the null hypothesis of no effect against the alternative hypothesis that the effect is positive, based on the following results from a computer software package:

Variable Number of Cases Mean Std. Dev. Std. Error

Y 4 4.000 2.000 1.000

Set up the null and alternative hypotheses.

Definition Definition Measure of central tendency that is the average of a given data set. The mean value is evaluated as the quotient of the sum of all observations by the sample size. The mean, in contrast to a median, is affected by extreme values. Very large or very small values can distract the mean from the center of the data. Arithmetic mean: The most common type of mean is the arithmetic mean. It is evaluated using the formula: μ = 1 N ∑ i = 1 N x i Other types of means are the geometric mean, logarithmic mean, and harmonic mean. Geometric mean: The nth root of the product of n observations from a data set is defined as the geometric mean of the set: G = x 1 x 2 ... x n n Logarithmic mean: The difference of the natural logarithms of the two numbers, divided by the difference between the numbers is the logarithmic mean of the two numbers. The logarithmic mean is used particularly in heat transfer and mass transfer. ln x 2 − ln x 1 x 2 − x 1 Harmonic mean: The inverse of the arithmetic mean of the inverses of all the numbers in a data set is the harmonic mean of the data. 1 1 x 1 + 1 x 2 + ...

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