A study attempts to determine whether gamification can be used as a pedagogical technique to overcome the challenges in teaching statistics. An experimental design was carried out in gamified and non-gamified groups in order to reveal the effect of gamification elements in cultivating students' statistical literacy skills. Students in gamified group were also interviewed to understand the function of gamification process. Explain how post-test quasi-experimental design is to be used in this study.
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- A nationwide job recruiting firm wants to compare the annual incomes for childcare workers in New York and Illinois. Due to recent trends in the childcare industry, the firm suspects that the that the mean annual income of childcare workers in the state of New York is greater than the mean annual income of childcare workers in Illinois. To see if this is true, the firm selected a random sample of 20 childcare workers from New York and an independent random sample of 20 childcare workers from Illinois and asked them to report their mean annual income. The data obtained were as follows. Annual income in dollars New York 46686 , 34979 , 47325 , 48892 , 51128 , 56792 , 47785 , 48995 , 57301 , 55176 , 48002 , 45718 , 50351 , 58527 , 47067 , 53699 , 54361 , 49727 , 36426 , 50870 Illinois 48009 , 46871 , 42774 , 49790 , 43163 , 45401 , 41068 , 50300 , 47064 , 42003 , 47775 , 41917…How does an observed sample mean qualify as a common outcome?Identifying individuals with a high risk of Alzheimer’s disease usually involves a long series of cognitive tests. However, researchers have developed a 7-Minute Screen, which is a quick and easy way to accomplish the same goal. The question is whether the 7-Minute Screen is as effective as the complete series of tests. To address this question, Ijuin et al. (2008) administered both tests to a group of patients and compared the results. The following data represent results similar to those obtained in the study. Scores in 7minute-screen (Y) Scores in Cognitive series (X) 0 11 4 19 6 22 8 20 5 14 4 13 A) Calculate the Pearson correlation for these data. B) If the researchers centered the variable of 7-minute screen (i.e., every score in this variable minus its Mean), what would be the new value of correlation? C) Is the correlation statistically significant? Use a two-tailed test with α = .05.
- A researcher gathered a sample of participants who volunteered for a studying of phobias. She measured anxiety level of participants as they viewed photos of spiders and again when they viewed puppies. Which statistical test is appropriate for this study and why?For effective learning, an instructor advised his students to practice solving statistical problems on StatCrunch, a web-based software, at least 7 hours per week. In an in class activity, a student surveyed 15 of her 35 classmates to assess the number of hours they spend per week practicing statistics on StatCrunch. The following data was collected: 6.5, 4, 3.5, 0, 12, 5, 12, 15, 12, 0, 1, 8, 0.5, 2, 7. Is there strong evidence that the mean number of hours of StatCrunch usage in the entire class is larger than 7? Let the confidence level be 95% Find the mean Standard deviation T / z score Find the critical score Draw the normal curve with critical tscore and test statistic. Make a conclusionAt BYU-Idaho there has been a lot of interest in the performance of students in online classes. Generally, administrators are interested to know if there is a difference in the learning of students who take an online course compared to those who take a traditional course. A study was done to see if the grade received in the course is related to the type of course. Researchers collected the grades of randomly selected students who were taking a traditional Business Statistics class and compared those with the grades earned by randomly selected students who were taking an online Business Statistics class. The data are shown in the table below. Grade A B с D F You want to determine if a student's grade and the type of course he or she is enrolled in are independent. Use a level of significance of a = 0.01. State the null and alternative hypothesis for this test. O Ho: Traditional and online courses are not independent. H₂: Traditional and online courses are independent. O Ho: Traditional…
- Using the latest in medical technology, an orthopedic doctor has developed a new surgical procedure that he believes is an improvement over the standard procedure. He wants to study whether the mean recovery time of patients who have the new procedure is less than the mean recovery time of patients who have the standard procedure. The doctor studies a random sample of 11 patients who have the new procedure and a random sample of 9 patients who have the standard procedure. (These samples are chosen independently.) The doctor records each patient's recovery time (in days). The patients who had the new procedure have a sample mean recovery time of 367.3 with a sample variance of 2851.8. The patients who had the standard procedure have a sample mean recovery time of 420.9 with a sample variance of 98.1. Assume that the two populations of recovery times are approximately normally distributed. Can the doctor conclude, at the 0.01 level of significance, that the population mean of the…Identifying individuals with a high risk of Alzheimer's disease usually involves a long series of cognitive tests. However, researchers have developed a 7-Minute Screen, which is a quick and easy way to accomplish the same goal. The question is whether the 7-Minute Screen is as effective as the complete series of tests. To address this question, Ijuin et al. (2008) administered both tests to a group of patients and compared the results. The following data represent results similar to those obtained in the study. 7-Minute Screen Cognitive Series 3 11 8 19 10 22 8 20 4 14 7 13 4 9 5 20 14 25 Which statistical test would you select: Answer H0: Answer H1: Answer What is the coefficient that indicates the strength of the relationship? Answer =Answer What is the standard error? Answer What is the appropriate 95% CI? [ Answer , Answer ] What is the d-effect size? Answer What is the t-observed? Answer What is the actual p-value? Answer THREE decimal places…Let's use SPSS to run a one-sample t-test! Imagine that you are interested in whether the number of hours students in a statistics course work each week differs from the average number of hours reported by the general student body at ASU. Thankfully, you have a data set that consists of information from students in a statistics course, including how many hours they work each week ("workhours"). You also happen to know that the average number of hours worked each week by the general student population at ASU is 25. Use the data provided to conduct a one sample t-test in SPSS comparing the sample data to the population mean.. The dependent variable for your test should be "workhours". Based on your output, the average number of hours worked each week by a sample is ________ . Enter your answer rounded to two decimal places (i.e., 10.01, not 10.1, not 10.0, not 10.010).
- A statistical program is recommended. You may need to use this table to answer this question. A study investigated the relationship between audit delay (Delay), the length of time from a company's fiscal year-end to the date of the auditor's report, and variables that describe the client and the auditor. Some of the independent variables that were included in this study follow. Industry Public Quality Finished 62 45 A sample of 40 companies provided the following data. 54 Delay Industry Public Quality 71 91 62 61 2 69 80 52 47 65 60 81 73 89 71 76 68 68 86 76 67 57 55 54 69 82 94 74 75 69 71 79 80 91 92 46 A dummy variable coded 1 if the firm was an industrial company or 0 if the firm was a bank, savings and loan, or insurance company. 72 A dummy variable coded 1 if the company was traded on an organized exchange or over the counter; otherwise coded 0. 85 A measure of overall quality of internal controls, as judged by the auditor, on a five-point scale ranging from "virtually none" (1)…GMU uses a robot food delivery service which now has been utilized in the City of Fairfax. One of the potential benefits of this service is to help the busiest students eat breakfast. Research has shown that about 80% of college students skip breakfast due to busy schedules and other reasons. Initial data were collected from a random sample of 595 Mason students who utilize the robot food delivery service and are presented in StatCrunch. Show the full calculation of the sample proportion by including the number of students who skipped breakfast, the total number of students sampled, and the value of the sample proportion. Present this sample proportion as a decimal rounded to four decimal places. Frequency table results for Breakfast?Count = 595 Breakfast? Frequency Relative Frequency 0 142 0.23865546 1 453 0.76134454Identifying individuals with a high risk of Alzheimer’s disease usually involves a long series of cognitive tests. However, researchers have developed a 7-Minute Screen, which is a quick and easy way to accomplish the same goal. The question is whether the 7-Minute Screen is as effective as the complete series of tests. To address this question, Ijuin et al. (2008) administered both tests to a group of patients and compared the results. The following data represent results similar to those obtained in the study. Patient 7-Minute Screen Cognitive Series A 3 7 B 7 15 C 4 14 D 5 13 E 7 9 F 5 15 G 11 25 The alternative hypothesis in words and null hypothesis in symbols for a two-tailed test is