A straight tunnel is to run between two points A and B whose coordinates are as under. Point Northing 0.0 Easting 0.0 A B 3000 m 250 m A shaft is to be sunk at a point D which is at the middle of AB. As it is impossible to measure along AB directly, the point D is to be fixed from another point C whose coordinates are 1760 Im northing and 1395 m easting. Calculate (a) the coordinates of D, (b) the length and bearing of CD, and TH (c) the angle ACD, if the bearing of AC is 38°30' east of north.

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Highway Drainage

Highway drainage is the process of extracting and regulating the excess surface water on the pavement by giving the desired slope. The construction of a highway drain helps to divert the water present on the surface, and sub-grade by the means of slope. Highway drainage systems are a necessary part of smooth functioning of traffic, since the highway drainage systems provide proper disposal of unwanted substances from the highways.