A straight, cylindrical wire lying along the x axis has a length of 0.500 m and a diameter of 0.200 mm. It is made of a material described by Ohm’s law with a resistivity of ρ = 4.00 x 10-8 Ω ⋅ m. Assume a potential of 4.00 V is maintained at the left end of the wire at x = 0. Also assume V = 0 at x = 0.500 m. Find (a) the magnitude and direction of the electric field in the wire, (b) the resistance of the wire, (c) the magnitude and direction of the electric current in the wire, and (d) the current density in the wire. (e) Show that E = ρJ.

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Resistivity

Resistivity is a characteristic property of the conductor’s material that measures the extent to which the material opposes the flow of current. It is denoted by the Greek letter “rho”. Electrical resistivity, also known as specific resistance, depends on the nature of the material of the conductor and is unaffected by its dimensions.