A steel pipe of length L = 4.0 ft, outside diameter = 6.0 in., and inside diameter = 4.5 in. is compressed by an axial force P kips. The material has modulus of elasticity E = 30,000 ksi and Poisson’s ratio υ = 0.30. Determine the following quantities for the pipe: (a) the shortening, (b) the lateral strain (c) the increase in the outer diameter and the increase in the inner diameter, and (d) the increase in the wall thickness. where P=25 .

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Properties of materials

A property of a material describes its characteristics and distinguishes it from the others. The material properties are described it in terms of its hardness, color, appearances, and so on. The material properties generally depend on the type of material, or whether it is a metal or an alloy. There are different kinds of material properties such as mechanical properties, thermal properties, physical properties, and chemical properties. Chemical properties describe the material in terms of a chemical change. The mechanical properties come into existence when the material is acted upon by an external load. Thermal properties are associated with the temperature of the material and specific heat.