A sketch of a valve and rocker arm system for an internal combustion engine is give in Figure. Model the system as a pendulum attached to a spring and a mass and assume the oil provides viscous damping in the range of 3= 0.01. Determine the equations of motion and calculate an expression for the natural frequency and the damped natural frequency. Here J is the rotational inertia of the rocker arm about its pivot point, k is the stiffness of the valve spring and m is the mass of the valve and stem. Ignore the mass of the spring. Hint: apply Lagrange equation method Rocker arm 0 J k m Solution: Ꮎ Follower k Valve spring Oil Cam m Valve l x

For the shown spring-mass-damper system. Let m =1 kg, b = 2 N.s/m, k = 2 N/m and t) = sin2t N. (a) Write the equation of motion. (b) Find the amplitude of the steady state oscillations. (c) In steady state, find the time delay in seconds between the mass position and (t).

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Piston (M=5kg) is driven when the fly wheel (r=0.1m, J=0.5kgm^2) moves the arm (L=0.2m,m=1kg). The stiffness k=100N/m come Fron compression of gas. What is the natural frequency of the system

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PARTS A & B solve carefully and label each part and CIRCLE FINAL ANSWER ( Use image Below) Part A - Assuming the elements are all linear, determine a model for the mass-spring-damper system. Make sure to clearly define the direction of positive velocity. Simplify your answer such that the model is in terms of the parameters (?, ?, ??, ??), the input force (?), the spring deflection and the mass velocity as well as their time derivatives. Part B - Take the ANSWER from PART A and replace the damping constant ? with the nonlinear expression ? = ?? + ?? + ? , with ? as the velocity of the mass.

Consider the double mass/double spring system shown below. - click to expand. Both springs have spring constants k, and both masses have mass m; each spring is subject to a damping force of F friction We can write the resulting system of second-order DEs as a first-order system, w'(t) = Aw(t), with w = (x₁, x₁, x₂, x₂) T For values of k = 4, m = 1 and c = 21,2 = 0.5±3.2i, V₁ 23,4= - 0.5 ± 1.13i, V3 1, the resulting eigenvalues and eigenvectors of A are -0.039 0.248i 0.813 0.024 +0.153i -0.502 -0.134-0.302i' 0.409 -0.216 - 0.489i 0.661 and (a) Find a set of initial displacements x₁(0), x₂(0) that will lead to the fast mode of oscillation for this sytem. Assume that the initial velocities wil be zero. (x₁(0), x₂(0)) Enter your answer using angle braces, (and ). cx (friction proportional to velocity). (b) At what frequency will the masses be oscillating in this mode? Frequency = rad/s

Question 1 A sketch of a valve and rocker arm system for an internal combustion engine is give in below figure. Model the system as a pendulum attached to a spring and a mass. Determine the equations of motion and calculate the natural frequency in rad/s. The mass moment of inertia of the rocker arm about its pivot point j=0.46, the stiffness of the valve springspring k=420 , the distance from pivot to spring I= 0.98 m, and the mass of the valve m=3.2 kg. Ignore the mass of the spring and the oil effect. Rocker arm Follower k Valve spring LOil Cam m Valve

3. A washing machine of mass 70kg operates at 1600 rpm. Find the maximum stiffness of an isolator that provides 80 percent isolation. Assume that the damping ratio of the isolator is 5 percent