A simple seismometer used to measure ground motion is shown in the figure below. If the mass m = 300 kg, stiffness k = 3000 N/m and damper c = 600 Ns/m, determine the lowest frequency of ground vibration that can be measured by the seismometer if the reading does not exceed the actual amplitude of the ground by more than 3%. Note: Ignore free (transient) response in the solution of this problem. k m Reading

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Free undamped vibrations

Whenever an object/system displaces in either side of its equilibrium position with the help of an external/internal means, then the object/system moves regularly or randomly on both sides of its equilibrium position. This motion is called vibration. Generally, there are three types of vibration: longitudinal vibration, transverse vibration, and torsional vibration.