A result of budget deficits is that governments have to borrow more, sometimes resulting in: a. Top of Form increasing interest costs. b. decreasing interest costs. C, increased foreign borrowing. d, crowding out the private sector for capital. All other things remaining the same, which one of the following events would directly increase the size of the UK's national debt? An increase in A. mortgage borrowing from UK banks. B. overseas lending to UK firms. C. the UK's current account deficit. D. the UK government's budget deficit.
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- If a central bank decreases interest rates, then gradually: a. the country's gross domestic product is likely to decrease. b. foreign exchange rate is likely to appreciate. c. demand for exported goods and services is likely to increase. d. flows of investment funds into the country are likely to decrease.1. In order to reduce its current-account deficit, the United States would NOT do which of the following? a . raise national product relative to national spending b. decrease savings relative to domestic investment c . increase savings relative to domestic investment d . reduce the federal budget deficitA country running a large current account deficit tends to have Question 18 options: a booming export oriented economy an excessively strong currency a large surplus in its financial account a large budget surplus
- Which of the following is NOT usually associated with “financial risk”? a. A rise in the country’s interest rates. b. A new government has been voted in. c. Fluctuation in a country’s currency. d. Difficulty in accessing funds from banks.(a) Suppose that the economy of Microland is expanding rabidly. Due to this rapid expansion, the Federal Reserve Bank is pursuing a contractionary monetary policy. Draw clearly labeled graphs for each market (Money market, Goods Market and Investment) to show the effects of this policy on the equilibrium interest rate, investment and output. (b) Suppose that the economy of Macroland is expanding rabidly. Due to this rapid expansion, the Federal Government is pursuing a contractionary fiscal policy. Draw clearly labeled graphs for each market (Money market, Goods Market and Investment) to show the effects of this policy on the equilibrium interest rate, investment and output. Is there any crowding-out due to the contractionary fiscal policy?If a country runs a deficit on its current account, it has to be financed by running a capital account surplus which limited to borrowing from abroad TRUE OR FALSE?
- Question 1 (ILOs: A1, A2, B1, C1, C2, D1, D4) a. Some countries do not have well-established market for debt securities or equity securities. Why do you think this can limit the development of the country, business expansion, and growth in national income in these countries? b. When economic crises in countries are due to a weak economy, local interest rates tend to be very low. However, if the crisis is caused by an unusually high rate of inflation, the interest rate tends to be very high. Explain why?part-a: What is the difference between direct finance and indirect finance? part-b: What are the main institutions in the direct finance system of an economy? What are the main institutions that constitute the indirect finance system in a country? part-c: What are the sources of national saving in a closed economy? Does a government increasing taxes and / or social security transfers impact the amount of national savings in a closed economy? Why or why not? (Hint: Consider the savings identity for this question.) part-d: Where does the demand for loanable funds come from in a closed economy? How does a government adopting a policy of taxing investment from the private sector impact the demand for loanable funds? What happens to the equilibrium interest rate following this policy? Illustrate using the supply and demand in the market for loanable funds.When nominal interest rates have hit the zero lower bound, can central banks affect the interest rates? Select one: OA. Yes: since the zero lower bound applies to nominal rates, not real rates, and it is real rates that are relevant for investment decisions. OB. No: once the zero lower bound is hit, central banks can no longer employ interest rates to stimulate economic activity. OC. Yes, but the mechanism by which central banks manipulate the interest rates that matter for spending must deviate from the banks' traditional method. OD. A and C.
- If a country is having its currency pegged to the U.S. dollar (hard peg), and the confidence in the domestic currency falls, sparking a capital outflow. What action would its central bank take to defend its fixed rate against the dollar? Question 23 options: It would build up its international reserve (selling the domestic currency) It would dip into its international reserve (buying the domestic currency) It would raise domestic interest rates It would lower domestic interest ratesExplanationReserve requirements effectively impose a tax on bank deposits that reduce profits. Why does this tax increase as interest rates rise? A. As interest rates rise, banks could earn more money by lending reserves to borrowers. These profits are limited by the reserve requirement, and the foregone profits increase as the interest rate rises. B. States tend to increase franchise fees on banks as interest rates rise C. The Fed always increases the reserve requirement as interest rates rise D. Banks earn more money as interest rates increase, so their state and federal income taxes increase.