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A researcher decides to isolate thylakoid membranes and add protons to the space inside the thylakoids by soaking the thylakoids in acetic acid, which diffuses through the membrane, and then washing the thylakoids very quickly. What will happen? A. The scheme will run in reverse.   B. ATP will be able to be made without light.   C. Light will be emitted by the thylakoids.   D. The membranes will dissolve.

A researcher decides to isolate thylakoid membranes and add protons to the space inside the thylakoids by soaking the thylakoids in acetic acid, which diffuses through the membrane, and then washing the thylakoids very quickly. What will happen? A. The scheme will run in reverse.   B. ATP will be able to be made without light.   C. Light will be emitted by the thylakoids.   D. The membranes will dissolve.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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A researcher decides to isolate thylakoid membranes and add protons to the space inside the thylakoids by soaking the thylakoids in acetic acid, which diffuses through the membrane, and then washing the thylakoids very quickly. What will happen?

A. The scheme will run in reverse.
 
B. ATP will be able to be made without light.
 
C. Light will be emitted by the thylakoids.
 
D. The membranes will dissolve.
**Z-scheme in Photosynthesis** The Z-scheme is the way in which electrons, excited with the energy of absorbed light, are passed from one molecule to another in the light reactions. It involves many components and builds up a proton gradient. **Diagram Explanation** The diagram illustrates the Z-scheme of electron transport in photosynthesis, involving Photosystem II (PS II) and Photosystem I (PS I). - **Photosystem II (PS II):** - Light is absorbed by PS II, exciting electrons. - Water (H₂O) is split, releasing oxygen (O₂) and protons (H⁺). - Electrons are passed through an electron transport chain, creating a proton gradient used for ATP production. - **Electron Transport Chain:** - Electrons move through carrier molecules, losing energy. - This energy is used to pump protons into the thylakoid lumen, contributing to ATP synthesis. - **Photosystem I (PS I):** - Electrons reach PS I, where they are re-energized by light. - Excited electrons are transferred to NADP⁺, forming NADPH. Both ATP and NADPH produced here are used in the Calvin cycle for sugar synthesis.
Transcribed Image Text:**Z-scheme in Photosynthesis** The Z-scheme is the way in which electrons, excited with the energy of absorbed light, are passed from one molecule to another in the light reactions. It involves many components and builds up a proton gradient. **Diagram Explanation** The diagram illustrates the Z-scheme of electron transport in photosynthesis, involving Photosystem II (PS II) and Photosystem I (PS I). - **Photosystem II (PS II):** - Light is absorbed by PS II, exciting electrons. - Water (H₂O) is split, releasing oxygen (O₂) and protons (H⁺). - Electrons are passed through an electron transport chain, creating a proton gradient used for ATP production. - **Electron Transport Chain:** - Electrons move through carrier molecules, losing energy. - This energy is used to pump protons into the thylakoid lumen, contributing to ATP synthesis. - **Photosystem I (PS I):** - Electrons reach PS I, where they are re-energized by light. - Excited electrons are transferred to NADP⁺, forming NADPH. Both ATP and NADPH produced here are used in the Calvin cycle for sugar synthesis.
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