A rectangular reinforced concrete beam having a simple span of 4.5 m carries a service dead load of 20 kN/m and a service live load of 35 kN/m. Steel covering is 75 mm measured from the centroid of the tension steel. Concrete strengths is f'c-28 MPa and steel yield strength is fy=420. 1. Calculate the expected design moment of the beam 2. Which of the following gives the least dimension (bxh) of the beam using the maximum allowable reinforcement ratio? a. 200 mm x 450 mm b. 200 mm x 475 mm c. 225 mm x 450 mm d. 250 mm x 500 mm 3. Determine the required steel area using the dimensions obtained above.

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Design criteria for structural loading

The different loads such as loads due to self-weight (dead load) and external loads such as live load, wind loads, seismic load, snow load, and other loads and load combinations that influence the design of a building are called structural loading. The nature of the applied load differs from changes in the location, design, and type of materials used. The design criteria require that structures must be designed and constructed to be able to withstand all load types that are expected to act upon the structure and render its usage for the designated purpose. The structural members such as beams, slabs, columns, and foundations help the structure to withstand the applied load. There are different institutes such as ASCE and ACI that provide building design codes to assure minimum safety requirements and quality of the structures.