A ray of light travels from air into another medium, making an angle of θ1 = 45.0° with the normal as in the figure below. (a) Find the angle of refraction θ2 if the second medium is flint glass. ° (b) Find the angle of refraction θ2 if the second medium is diamond. ° (c) Find the angle of refraction θ2 if the second medium is benzene.
A ray of light travels from air into another medium, making an angle of θ1 = 45.0° with the normal as in the figure below. (a) Find the angle of refraction θ2 if the second medium is flint glass. ° (b) Find the angle of refraction θ2 if the second medium is diamond. ° (c) Find the angle of refraction θ2 if the second medium is benzene.
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Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
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Question
A ray of light travels from air into another medium, making an angle of θ1 = 45.0° with the normal as in the figure below.
(a) Find the angle of refraction θ2 if the second medium is flint glass.
°
(b) Find the angle of refraction θ2 if the second medium is diamond.
°
(c) Find the angle of refraction θ2 if the second medium is benzene.
°
°
(b) Find the angle of refraction θ2 if the second medium is diamond.
°
(c) Find the angle of refraction θ2 if the second medium is benzene.
°
![**Refraction of Light: Air to a Second Medium**
This educational diagram illustrates the principle of refraction of light as it passes from one medium (air) into another medium.
### Diagram Description:
1. **Incident Ray in Air**:
- The diagram shows a blue arrow representing the incident ray of light coming from the top left and entering the second medium at an angle.
- The angle between the incident ray and the normal (a dashed vertical line) is labeled as \( \theta_1 \).
2. **Second Medium**:
- Below the air, there’s another region labeled "Second medium," indicating a different optical medium with a distinct refractive index compared to air.
3. **Refracted Ray in Second Medium**:
- As the incident ray enters the second medium, it bends towards the normal line. This is depicted by another blue arrow changing direction at the interface.
- The angle between the refracted ray and the normal in the second medium is labeled as \( \theta_2 \).
### Key Concepts:
- **Refraction**: When light travels from one medium to another, its speed changes, causing the light ray to change direction at the boundary between the two media.
- **Angles of Incidence and Refraction**:
- \( \theta_1 \) (Angle of Incidence): The angle between the incident ray (in air) and the normal.
- \( \theta_2 \) (Angle of Refraction): The angle between the refracted ray (in the second medium) and the normal.
- **Snell's Law**: It describes how the angles of incidence \( \theta_1 \) and refraction \( \theta_2 \) relate through the refractive indices (n) of the two media:
\[ n_1 \sin(\theta_1) = n_2 \sin(\theta_2) \]
where \( n_1 \) is the refractive index of air, and \( n_2 \) is the refractive index of the second medium.
### Educational Insights:
- The direction of bending depends on the relative refractive indices of the two media. Light bends towards the normal if it slows down (moving to a medium with a higher refractive index) and away from the normal if it speeds up (moving to a medium with a lower refractive index).
- The diagram can be used to introduce and explain Snell](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fc1e92540-cdcd-4061-bb75-104670a077d4%2F02651edd-dfd9-47f9-8897-45fc845fd7a3%2F4elq0lv.gif&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Refraction of Light: Air to a Second Medium**
This educational diagram illustrates the principle of refraction of light as it passes from one medium (air) into another medium.
### Diagram Description:
1. **Incident Ray in Air**:
- The diagram shows a blue arrow representing the incident ray of light coming from the top left and entering the second medium at an angle.
- The angle between the incident ray and the normal (a dashed vertical line) is labeled as \( \theta_1 \).
2. **Second Medium**:
- Below the air, there’s another region labeled "Second medium," indicating a different optical medium with a distinct refractive index compared to air.
3. **Refracted Ray in Second Medium**:
- As the incident ray enters the second medium, it bends towards the normal line. This is depicted by another blue arrow changing direction at the interface.
- The angle between the refracted ray and the normal in the second medium is labeled as \( \theta_2 \).
### Key Concepts:
- **Refraction**: When light travels from one medium to another, its speed changes, causing the light ray to change direction at the boundary between the two media.
- **Angles of Incidence and Refraction**:
- \( \theta_1 \) (Angle of Incidence): The angle between the incident ray (in air) and the normal.
- \( \theta_2 \) (Angle of Refraction): The angle between the refracted ray (in the second medium) and the normal.
- **Snell's Law**: It describes how the angles of incidence \( \theta_1 \) and refraction \( \theta_2 \) relate through the refractive indices (n) of the two media:
\[ n_1 \sin(\theta_1) = n_2 \sin(\theta_2) \]
where \( n_1 \) is the refractive index of air, and \( n_2 \) is the refractive index of the second medium.
### Educational Insights:
- The direction of bending depends on the relative refractive indices of the two media. Light bends towards the normal if it slows down (moving to a medium with a higher refractive index) and away from the normal if it speeds up (moving to a medium with a lower refractive index).
- The diagram can be used to introduce and explain Snell
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