A pt was born with a rare genetic disorder in which the proximal tubules of her nephrons express half the number of aquaporins as normal. What will result? A. reduced reabsorption of water, although as much reabsorption of Na+ as is typical? b. reduced reabsorption of water, Na+ and glucose in the proximal tubules? c. Reduced reabsorption of both water and Na+ in equal proportions? D. Reduced reabsorption of all materials in the proximal tubules.

Q: Referring to the Na+/H+ exchanger in the PCT, explain its role in the reabsorption of…

A: The proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) is a tube-like segment present in the nephron which forms a…

Q: juxtaglomerular complex is associated with: a. Controlling blood pressure b. Water reabsorption c.…

A: The juxtaglomerular apparatus is made up of afferent and efferent arterioles, a group of…

Q: Dilating the afferent arteriole and constricting the efferent arteriole to the renal corpuscle will…

A: Afferent arterioles are branch of the renal artery that are responsible for bringing blood to the…

Q: Explain the various pressures acting within the glomerulus that promote filtration. Compare these…

A: The glomerulus is a specialized structure in the kidney that facilitates the initial stage of blood…

Q: Analysis of urine is routinely used in medical screening. The presence of glucose in the urine is…

A: In a healthy person the kidney excretes waste materials of body . Kidneys don't excrete essential…

Q: The concentration of water in the luminal fluid at the end of the proximal tubule is nearly always…

A: Proxima convoluted tubule: This is the tubular portion of the nephron that lies in the region…

Q: Martin, a young man of 20, was in a car accident and is hemorrhaging. When he arrives by ambulance…

A: The kidneys represent bilateral organs which are found on both left and right portions of the…

Q: Which is/are true concerning the glomerular filtration rate?   a. The body maintains a nearly…

A: The filtration of blood through the tuft of capillaries in the bowman's capsule (glomerulus) is…

Q: Constriction of the efferent arteriole of the renal corpuscle will cause ________________ to rise.…

A: The urinary system is composed of a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, the urinary bladder, and a…

Q: Explain how the hydrostatic pressure of a glomerular capsule affects the rate of glomerular…

A: The glomerular capsules receive the filtered water, small molecules, and ions through the glomerular…

Q: Which transport action in the proximal tubule would take place if the body needed to increase the…

A: Nephrons are the functional units of the kidneys. A nephron consist of tubules and associated…

Q: Auto-Regulation of GFR is possible because the glomerular capillaries are located between: 46. A. An…

A: We can say that the blood enters the capillaries of the glomerulus by a single arteriole called an…

Q: Renin secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells in the afferent arteriole will lead to: A. Decreased…

A: Renin It is also called angiotensinogenase. It is an aspartic protease protein and enzyme which is…

Q: Describe the differences in nephron activity based on the structural differences within the tubule…

A: Nephrons are the basic functional unit of kidney which are involved in the process of waste removal…

Q: Which of the following is NOT a component of the glomerular filtration barrier? a. Endothelial cells…

A: The objective of the question is to identify the component that is not part of the glomerular…

Q: The renal handling of a novel drug is being studied. When the drug is present in the blood, it is…

A: GivenDrug reabsorption is negligible.

Q: Proximal tubule balance or glomerulotubular balance predicts that an increase in GFR downstream of…

A: Kidneys are responsible for blood filtration in the body. The blood reaches the kidney via the renal…

Q: If plasma osmolarity is the independent variable and vasopressin release is the dependent variable,…

A: Release of vasopressin increases with the increase in plasma osmolarity and decrease in blood volume…

Q: A relatively largediameter of the efferentarteriolescompared to the afferentarteriole.

A: b. A relatively large diameter of the efferent arterioles compared to the afferent arteriole.

Q: The return of filtered molecules from the nephron packet to the blood is called    a. Excretion…

A: The glomerulus is the filter system of the nephron and it filters the blood and reabsorbed…

Q: The primary purpose of kidney autoregulatory is to: prevent wide fluctuations in the GFR and…

A: The human excretory system consist of two kidneys. The kidney is the major organ which function in…

Q: What causes the large osmotic force due to proteins in the peritubular capillary?   A. The…

A: Peritubular capillaries are small blood vessels of kidneys that help in the filtration of waste from…

Q: When arterial blood pressure drops below normal, which renal function occur as a result of…

A: When the systemic blood pressure decreases, and it gets detected by the baroreceptors in the…

Q: sympathetic vasoconstriction of the efferent arterioles would do what to GFR? a. increase b.…

A: The kidney is the principal organ of the urinary system and excretory system of the body situated in…

Q: What sets the concentration gradient for solute reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule

A: Proximal convoluted tubule is the part of nephron where solute reabsorption takes place, it plays a…

Q: explain the effect on the dependent variable if the independent variable increases

A: Interstitial fluid is the fluid present outside the capillary wall in the spaces surrounding the…

Q: Fred was diagnosed 6 months ago with liver cancer.  His liver is no longer able to make the…

A: Glomerulus is the small capillaries which carries blood to bowman capsule.

Q: the vasa recta participate in --------- , since they are freely permeable to small solutes and water…

A: The vasa recta are the long blood vessels found in the kidneys; these blood vessels resemble…

Q: Substances moving from the blood in the capillaries through tubule cells into the filtrate is called…

A: The kidneys are two reddish-brown organs.  The basic structural unit in the kidney is a nephron. A…