A production function is characterized by ? = 10 + 5L, where q is output per hour and L is labor input per hour. If workers earn $10 per hour, the marginal cost of the 5th unit of output is $10. 2. The producers’ surplus in the short-run reflects what the firms gain, while the producers ‘surplus in the log-run reflects what the input owners gain. 3. A monopoly is a price maker, thus its price can never be equal to its marginal revenue. 4. For a monopolistic competitive firm, if a government imposes a lump-sum tax on a firm, the policy will never affect its profit maximizing output and price.

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