A pressure cooker 6 litres in volume contains 5 kg of water, where the liquid is in equilibrium with the vapour above it, at 30°C. The cooker with its lid closed and weight on, is heated until the vapour produced results in an increase in pressure, and the weight just lifts up at 2 bar. i. If the flame heating the cooker is at 400°C, calculate the entropy generation due to the external irreversibility. Calculate the heat transferred in the process. ii. Assume that the heating of water is reversible; neglect heating of the cooker body; assume heat transfer to water takes place at its average temperature for the above process. Use property data given below.

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Entropy

In physics, entropy means the amount of disorder or the degree of randomness associated with a thermodynamic system. The system is not self-organized when the entropy of the system is high. For instance, when a system is at an elevated temperature, its molecules are in random motion, vibrating and colliding with each other. During this scenario, the probability of finding a molecule at a particular place twice, is low. Under this circumstance, the system can be said to be in a high entropy.