A poll was taken of 12,729 working adults aged 40-70 to determine their level of education. The participants were classified by sex and by level of education. The results are shown below. Education Level Male Female Total High School or Less 3577 2472 6049 Bachelor's Degree 3037 2585 5622 Master's Degree 480 464 944 Ph.D. 66 48 114 Total 7160 5569 12,729 A person is selected at random. Compute the following probabilities. b) What is the probability that the selected person does not have a Master's degree, given that he is male?  What is the probability that the selected person has a Ph.D., given that she is female?

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.