A pipeline connecting two tanks contains four standard elbows, a plug valve that is fully open and a gate valve that is half open. The line is commercial steel pipe, 25 mm internal diameter, length 120 m. The properties of the fluid are: viscosity 0.99 mNM-2s, density 998 kg/m3. Calculate the total pressure drop due to friction when the flow rate is 3500 kg/h.

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