A pilot study is run to investigate the effect of a lifestyle intervention designed to increase medication adherence in patients with HIV. Medication adherence is measured as the percentage of prescribed pills that are taken over a one-week observation period. Ten patients with HIV agree to participate and their medication adherence before and after the intervention are shown below. Compute the following: a) differences in adherence before versus after the intervention for each participant, b) the mean difference in adherence before versus after the intervention, and c) the standard deviation of the difference in adherence before versus after intervention. After Intervention Before Intervention Participant ID 80% 75% 84% 2 82% 3 70% 66% 70% 4 74% 88% 90% 5 75% 66% 6 51% 60% 90% 93% 88% 90% 9 91% 10 95% 7 CO

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Permutations and Combinations

If there are 5 dishes, they can be relished in any order at a time. In permutation, it should be in a particular order. In combination, the order does not matter. Take 3 letters a, b, and c. The possible ways of pairing any two letters are ab, bc, ac, ba, cb and ca. It is in a particular order. So, this can be called the permutation of a, b, and c. But if the order does not matter then ab is the same as ba. Similarly, bc is the same as cb and ac is the same as ca. Here the list has ab, bc, and ac alone. This can be called the combination of a, b, and c.

Counting Theory

The fundamental counting principle is a rule that is used to count the total number of possible outcomes in a given situation.